Yemen

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 12.4 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 12.8 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.017 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 5.04 kt (2023) +119%

Value 5.04 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +118.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 3.47 kg/ha (2023) +101%

Value 3.47 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +101.2%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year -38.3 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.03 kg/person (2023) +200%

Value 0.03 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1971 +200.0%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2020) —

Value 0 t (2020)

Change since 2013 —

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2013 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 8.93 kg/ha (2023) +77889%

Value 8.93 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1966 +77889.1%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 27.8 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 26.8 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 4.55 kg/ha (2023) +45400%

Value 4.55 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1966 +45400.0%

Total N fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2013 —

N fertilizer imports 6.61 kt (2023) +43960%

Value 6.61 kt (2023)

Change since 1966 +43960.0%

N fertilizer exports 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1990 —

N fertilizer use per capita 0.17 kg/ person (2023) —

Value 0.17 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 6.61 kt (2023) +43960%

Value 6.61 kt (2023)

Change since 1966 +43960.0%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 4.55 kg/ha (2023) —

Value 4.55 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 4.58 kg/ha (2023) +40822%

Value 4.58 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +40822.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 12.2 kt (2023) +255%

Value 12.2 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +254.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 8.39 kg/ha (2023) +227%

Value 8.39 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +226.6%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 1.86 g per $ (2023) —

Value 1.86 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 9.23 t (2020) -38%

Value 9.23 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -38.1%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 73 t (2023) +2%

Value 73 t (2023)

Change since 2002 +1.9%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 60.6 k$ (2023) +70%

Value 60.6 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +69.8%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 858 t (2006) -55%

Value 858 t (2006)

Change since 2003 -55.3%

Import of ammonium nitrate 144 t (2023) -91%

Value 144 t (2023)

Change since 2002 -91.3%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 91.1 k$ (2023) -67%

Value 91.1 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -66.9%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 189 t (2006) +89%

Value 189 t (2006)

Change since 2004 +89.0%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 8.39 kt (2023) +16800%

Value 8.39 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +16800.5%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 2.09 M$ (2023) +45911%

Value 2.09 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +45911.5%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 10.4 t (2018) -60%

Value 10.4 t (2018)

Change since 2010 -59.7%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 8.98 k$ (2018) +38%

Value 8.98 k$ (2018)

Change since 2010 +38.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 6.66 kt N (2023) +44267%

Value 6.66 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +44266.7%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 241 t (2018) +32095%

Value 241 t (2018)

Change since 2007 +32094.7%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.36 M$ (2018) +271512%

Value 1.36 M$ (2018)

Change since 2007 +271512.0%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 6.84 kt (2023) -52%

Value 6.84 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -51.8%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 12.8 M$ (2023) +762%

Value 12.8 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +761.7%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 114 t (2006) -67%

Value 114 t (2006)

Change since 2003 -66.9%

Export of NPK fertilizers 24 t (2021) +149%

Value 24 t (2021)

Change since 2014 +149.0%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 24 k$ (2021) +149%

Value 24 k$ (2021)

Change since 2014 +149.0%

Import of NPK fertilizers 7.08 kt (2023) +1236%

Value 7.08 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +1236.1%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 8.78 M$ (2023) +2503%

Value 8.78 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +2502.6%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0.03 t (2022) -99%

Value 0.03 t (2022)

Change since 2005 -98.5%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 30 $ (2022) -99%

Value 30 $ (2022)

Change since 2005 -99.2%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.58 kt (2023) -89%

Value 1.58 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -88.5%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.35 M$ (2023) -20%

Value 1.35 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -20.5%

Agriculture use of urea 30 kt (2011) +226%

Value 30 kt (2011)

Change since 2003 +226.1%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 24 t (2006) +700%

Value 24 t (2006)

Change since 2003 +700.0%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions single year 14.4 t (2016) —

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions single year 16.6 k$ (2016) —

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 15.8 k$ (2021) +1164%

Value 15.8 k$ (2021)

Change since 2002 +1164.0%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 6.37 t (2021) +164%

Value 6.37 t (2021)

Change since 2002 +164.3%

Export of urea single year 0.96 t (2009) —

Export value of urea single year 80 $ (2009) —

Import of urea 5.8 kt (2023) -59%

Value 5.8 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -59.0%

Import value of urea 2.99 M$ (2023) +103%

Value 2.99 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +103.1%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 5.64 kt (2023) +447%

Value 5.64 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +447.2%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 4.14 kt (2023) +170%

Value 4.14 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +170.0%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 2.85 kg/ha (2023) +149%

Value 2.85 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +148.6%

N lost from croplands through leaching 3,097 kg/ha and ton (2023) +351%

Value 3,097 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +351.0%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 2.13 kg/ha (2023) +315%

Value 2.13 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +315.2%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 3.88 kg/ha (2023) +404%

Value 3.88 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +403.9%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 25.3 kt (2023) +47%

Value 25.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +47.0%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 5.49 kt (2023) +0%

Value 5.49 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +0.4%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 17.5 kg/ha (2023) +35%

Value 17.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +35.4%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 3.78 kg/ha (2023) -8%

Value 3.78 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -7.5%

Nitrogen use efficiency 27.8 % (2014) -82%

Value 27.8 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -82.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 2.46 Mt CO₂e (2024) +205%

Value 2.46 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +205.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 3,100 Gt CO₂e (2023) +76%

Value 3,100 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +76.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 78.7 t CO₂e/person (2023) -38%

Value 78.7 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -37.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0074 t (2023) -78%

Value 0.0074 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.5%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0004 t (2023) +33%

Value 0.0004 t (2023)

Change since 1988 +33.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0097 t (2023) +439%

Value 0.0097 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +438.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0093 t (2023) -2%

Value 0.0093 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -2.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0106 t (2023) +607%

Value 0.0106 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +606.7%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0734 t (2023) -69%

Value 0.0734 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -69.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0221 t (2023) +183%

Value 0.0221 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +183.3%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0028 t (2023) +600%

Value 0.0028 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +600.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for sugar cane 0 t (1997) —

Value 0 t (1997)

Change since 1961 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0017 t (2023) +143%

Value 0.0017 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +142.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0017 t (2023) -78%

Value 0.0017 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -77.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0001 t (2023) +0%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1988 +0.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0022 t (2023) +450%

Value 0.0022 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +450.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0021 t (2023) +0%

Value 0.0021 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +0.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0024 t (2023) +700%

Value 0.0024 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +700.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0165 t (2023) -69%

Value 0.0165 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -69.2%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.005 t (2023) +178%

Value 0.005 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +177.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 9.1 t (2023) -78%

Value 9.1 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.5 t (2023) +25%

Value 0.5 t (2023)

Change since 1988 +25.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 11.9 t (2023) +441%

Value 11.9 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +440.9%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 11.4 t (2023) -2%

Value 11.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -1.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 13 t (2023) +584%

Value 13 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +584.2%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 90 t (2023) -69%

Value 90 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -69.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 27 t (2023) +181%

Value 27 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +181.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 604 t (2023) -11%

Value 604 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -10.6%

N content from crop residues, for barley 472 t (2023) -78%

Value 472 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.5%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 25.2 t (2023) +22%

Value 25.2 t (2023)

Change since 1988 +21.9%

N content from crop residues, for maize 616 t (2023) +450%

Value 616 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +450.0%

N content from crop residues, for millet 594 t (2023) -2%

Value 594 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -1.7%

N content from crop residues, for oats 594 t (2023) -2%

Value 594 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -1.7%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 677 t (2023) +600%

Value 677 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +600.2%

N content from crop residues, for sorghum 4.67 kt (2023) -69%

Value 4.67 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -69.1%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 1.4 kt (2023) +181%

Value 1.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +181.4%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 0.416 kg/ha (2023) -18%

Value 0.416 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -17.7%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 4.22 Mt CO₂e (2024) +272%

Value 4.22 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +271.6%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 110 % change (2024) +11742%

Value 110 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +11741.6%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 5,109 Gt CO₂e (2024) +4381%

Value 5,109 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +4380.8%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.174 % (2024) +119%

Value 0.174 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +119.4%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.017 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 23.6 kt CO₂e (2024) +1586%

Value 23.6 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +1585.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 5.9 kt CO₂e (2024) +247%

Value 5.9 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +247.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 4 kt CO₂e (2024) —

Value 4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 1.37 Mt CO₂e (2024) +419%

Value 1.37 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +418.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 2.9 kt CO₂e (2024) +625%

Value 2.9 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +625.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 18.5 kt CO₂e (2024) +208%

Value 18.5 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +208.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 331 kt CO₂e (2024) +508%

Value 331 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +507.7%

Population (total) 41.8 M (2025) +655%

Value 41.8 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +655.1%

GDP (current US$) 21.6 B$ (2018) +71%

Value 21.6 B$ (2018)

Change since 1990 +70.9%

GDP per capita (current US$) 634 $ (2018) -30%

Value 634 $ (2018)

Change since 1990 -30.4%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.557 % of land area (2023) +292%

Value 0.557 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +292.0%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 3 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 28.7 % of GDP (2018) +5%

Value 28.7 % of GDP (2018)

Change since 1990 +4.9%

Cropland area (hectares) 1,452,000 ha (2023) +9%

Value 1,452,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +8.6%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations