Venezuela

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 108 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 188 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.251 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 11.3 kt (2023) +98%

Value 11.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +97.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 3.43 kg/ha (2023) +108%

Value 3.43 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +108.4%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year -68 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.3 kg/person (2023) -36%

Value 0.3 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -36.2%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 198 t (2020) -32%

Value 198 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -32.2%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 50.9 kg/ha (2023) +677%

Value 50.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +676.7%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 234 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 134 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 34.9 kg/ha (2023) +1114%

Value 34.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1114.3%

Total N fertilizer production 195 kt (2023) +1398%

Value 195 kt (2023)

Change since 1963 +1398.5%

N fertilizer imports 13.9 kt (2023) +39%

Value 13.9 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +38.8%

N fertilizer exports 360 kt (2023) +11893%

Value 360 kt (2023)

Change since 1963 +11892.9%

N fertilizer use per capita 4.06 kg/ person (2023) +244%

Value 4.06 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +244.1%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 115 kt (2023) +1050%

Value 115 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +1050.2%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 34.9 kg/ha (2023) +1114%

Value 34.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1114.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 27.2 kg/ha (2023) +1251%

Value 27.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1250.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 177 kt (2023) +279%

Value 177 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +278.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 53.8 kg/ha (2023) +300%

Value 53.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +299.8%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 26.8 g per $ (2014) +476%

Value 26.8 g per $ (2014)

Change since 1961 +475.5%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 142 t (2020) -19%

Value 142 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -18.7%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Agricultural use of ammonia (anhydrous) 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2007 —

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 0.01 t (2022) -100%

Value 0.01 t (2022)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 160 $ (2022) -100%

Value 160 $ (2022)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 4 t (2023) +39900%

Value 4 t (2023)

Change since 2009 +39900.0%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 29.2 k$ (2023) +2528%

Value 29.2 k$ (2023)

Change since 2009 +2527.9%

Production of ammonia (anhydrous) 812 kt (2015) -44%

Value 812 kt (2015)

Change since 2006 -44.1%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2012 —

Export of ammonium nitrate 1.2 t (2020) +1614%

Value 1.2 t (2020)

Change since 2017 +1614.3%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 118 k$ (2020) +196567%

Value 118 k$ (2020)

Change since 2017 +196566.7%

Import of ammonium nitrate 4 kt (2020) -70%

Value 4 kt (2020)

Change since 2002 -70.3%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 1.4 M$ (2020) -57%

Value 1.4 M$ (2020)

Change since 2002 -56.5%

Production of ammonium nitrate 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2013 —

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 10.3 kt (2015) -68%

Value 10.3 kt (2015)

Change since 2007 -67.7%

Export of ammonium sulphate 16.5 kt (2006) +167%

Value 16.5 kt (2006)

Change since 2002 +167.0%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 1.36 M$ (2006) +252%

Value 1.36 M$ (2006)

Change since 2002 +251.9%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 1.76 kt (2024) -91%

Value 1.76 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -90.9%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 389 k$ (2024) -41%

Value 389 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -41.3%

Production of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 22.4 kt (2015) -74%

Value 22.4 kt (2015)

Change since 2006 -74.3%

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2012 —

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 12 t (2015) -100%

Value 12 t (2015)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 5.84 k$ (2015) -100%

Value 5.84 k$ (2015)

Change since 2002 -99.8%

Production of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2013 —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 89.6 kt N (2023) +1180%

Value 89.6 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +1180.2%

Agricultural use of fertilizers n.e.c. 8.54 kt (2015) +931%

Value 8.54 kt (2015)

Change since 2012 +930.8%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 2 kt (2022) +34383%

Value 2 kt (2022)

Change since 2002 +34382.9%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.45 M$ (2022) +192737%

Value 1.45 M$ (2022)

Change since 2002 +192737.3%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.83 kt (2024) -57%

Value 1.83 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -57.3%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 6.05 M$ (2024) +219%

Value 6.05 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +218.9%

Production of fertilizers n.e.c. 7.91 kt (2015) +280%

Value 7.91 kt (2015)

Change since 2012 +280.3%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 566 kt (2015) +67%

Value 566 kt (2015)

Change since 2007 +67.3%

Export of NPK fertilizers 59 t (2021) -100%

Value 59 t (2021)

Change since 2002 -99.8%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 59 k$ (2021) -100%

Value 59 k$ (2021)

Change since 2002 -99.8%

Import of NPK fertilizers 28.3 kt (2024) -48%

Value 28.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -47.6%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 17.6 M$ (2024) +135%

Value 17.6 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +135.3%

Production of NPK fertilizers 163 kt (2015) -34%

Value 163 kt (2015)

Change since 2006 -33.6%

Agricultural use of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2012 —

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 184 t (2024) -57%

Value 184 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -57.2%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 82.6 k$ (2024) +18%

Value 82.6 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +18.4%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.08 kt (2024) -75%

Value 1.08 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -75.5%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 829 k$ (2024) -14%

Value 829 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -13.9%

Production of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2013 —

Agriculture use of urea 350 kt (2015) +12%

Value 350 kt (2015)

Change since 2007 +11.7%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2012 —

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 19.9 kt (2022) +55153%

Value 19.9 kt (2022)

Change since 2015 +55153.4%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 14 M$ (2022) +107931%

Value 14 M$ (2022)

Change since 2015 +107930.8%

Production of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0 t (2015) —

Value 0 t (2015)

Change since 2013 —

Export of urea 601 kt (2024) +27%

Value 601 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +27.0%

Export value of urea 211 M$ (2024) +352%

Value 211 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +352.2%

Import of urea 15.3 t (2024) -100%

Value 15.3 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Import value of urea 85.1 k$ (2024) -98%

Value 85.1 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -97.5%

Production of urea 879 kt (2015) -10%

Value 879 kt (2015)

Change since 2006 -10.1%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 87.7 kt (2023) +415%

Value 87.7 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +414.6%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 21.3 kt (2023) +87%

Value 21.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +87.4%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 6.46 kg/ha (2023) +98%

Value 6.46 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +97.7%

N lost from croplands through leaching 46,986 kg/ha and ton (2023) +353%

Value 46,986 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +353.3%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 14.2 kg/ha (2023) +378%

Value 14.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +378.3%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 26.6 kg/ha (2023) +443%

Value 26.6 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +443.0%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 71 kt (2023) +133%

Value 71 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +132.6%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 17.7 kt (2023) +132%

Value 17.7 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +131.9%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 21.5 kg/ha (2023) +145%

Value 21.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +145.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 5.36 kg/ha (2023) +145%

Value 5.36 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +144.7%

Nitrogen use efficiency 18.1 % (2014) -36%

Value 18.1 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -35.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 7.51 Mt CO₂e (2024) +118%

Value 7.51 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +117.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 9,990 Gt CO₂e (2023) +17%

Value 9,990 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +16.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 353 t CO₂e/person (2023) -18%

Value 353 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -18.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0209 t (2023) +49%

Value 0.0209 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +49.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.179 t (2023) +138%

Value 0.179 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +138.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0155 t (2023) +260%

Value 0.0155 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +260.5%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.146 t (2023) +432%

Value 0.146 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +431.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0051 t (2023) +1175%

Value 0.0051 t (2023)

Change since 1964 +1175.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0015 t (2023) +650%

Value 0.0015 t (2023)

Change since 1986 +650.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0001 t (2023) -75%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -75.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0217 t (2023) -20%

Value 0.0217 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -20.2%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for sugar cane 0.0015 t (2023) -17%

Value 0.0015 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -16.7%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0.0074 t (2023) +222%

Value 0.0074 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +221.7%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0047 t (2023) +47%

Value 0.0047 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +46.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0402 t (2023) +138%

Value 0.0402 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +137.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0035 t (2023) +250%

Value 0.0035 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +250.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0328 t (2023) +429%

Value 0.0328 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +429.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0012 t (2023) +1100%

Value 0.0012 t (2023)

Change since 1964 +1100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0003 t (2023) +200%

Value 0.0003 t (2023)

Change since 1986 +200.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 25.7 t (2023) +49%

Value 25.7 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +49.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 219 t (2023) +138%

Value 219 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +138.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 19 t (2023) +258%

Value 19 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +258.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 178 t (2023) +433%

Value 178 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +432.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 6.3 t (2023) +1160%

Value 6.3 t (2023)

Change since 1964 +1160.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 1.9 t (2023) +533%

Value 1.9 t (2023)

Change since 1986 +533.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.1 t (2023) -75%

Value 0.1 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -75.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 783 t (2023) +30%

Value 783 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +30.2%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 1.33 kt (2023) +49%

Value 1.33 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +49.4%

N content from crop residues, for maize 11.4 kt (2023) +138%

Value 11.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +138.3%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 986 t (2023) +262%

Value 986 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +261.7%

N content from crop residues, for rice 9.27 kt (2023) +433%

Value 9.27 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +432.5%

N content from crop residues, for sorghum 327 t (2023) +1178%

Value 327 t (2023)

Change since 1964 +1177.8%

N content from crop residues, for soya beans 96.2 t (2023) +524%

Value 96.2 t (2023)

Change since 1986 +524.5%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 7.61 t (2023) -67%

Value 7.61 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -67.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 0.237 kg/ha (2023) +37%

Value 0.237 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +37.5%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 8.91 Mt CO₂e (2024) +115%

Value 8.91 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +114.8%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 7.18 % change (2024) +567%

Value 7.18 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +566.9%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 3.69 Gt CO₂e (2022) +33%

Value 3.69 Gt CO₂e (2022)

Change since 1990 +33.3%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 11,111 Gt CO₂e (2024) +6527%

Value 11,111 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +6526.9%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.378 % (2024) +224%

Value 0.378 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +224.5%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.251 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 11.5 kt CO₂e (2024) -12%

Value 11.5 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -12.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 84.2 kt CO₂e (2024) +53%

Value 84.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +53.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 21.4 kt CO₂e (2024) -31%

Value 21.4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -31.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 744 kt CO₂e (2024) +97%

Value 744 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +97.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 16.3 kt CO₂e (2024) +270%

Value 16.3 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +270.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 142 kt CO₂e (2024) +28%

Value 142 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +27.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 383 kt CO₂e (2024) +247%

Value 383 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +246.7%

Population (total) 28.5 M (2025) +249%

Value 28.5 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +249.5%

GDP (current US$) 99.7 B$ (2025) +1200%

Value 99.7 B$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +1200.4%

GDP per capita (current US$) 3.49 k$ (2025) +272%

Value 3.49 k$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +272.1%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.794 % of land area (2023) +20%

Value 0.794 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +20.3%

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 0 % of GDP (2011) -100%

Value 0 % of GDP (2011)

Change since 1968 -100.0%

Cropland area (hectares) 3,300,000 ha (2023) -5%

Value 3,300,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -5.2%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations