United Arab Emirates

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 139 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 26.5 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.035 % (2009) —

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year 23.8 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.13 kg/person (2023) +0%

Value 0.13 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1972 +0.0%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 933 t (2020) +283%

Value 933 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +283.4%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 327 kg/ha (2023) +311%

Value 327 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1972 +310.8%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 29.6 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 156 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 124 kg/ha (2023) +226%

Value 124 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1972 +225.9%

Total N fertilizer production 933 kt (2023) +10268%

Value 933 kt (2023)

Change since 1983 +10268.4%

N fertilizer imports 35.4 kt (2023) +7638%

Value 35.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1972 +7638.1%

N fertilizer exports 8 kt (2023) -94%

Value 8 kt (2023)

Change since 1984 -94.4%

N fertilizer use per capita 3.32 kg/ person (2023) —

Value 3.32 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 35.4 kt (2023) +7638%

Value 35.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1972 +7638.1%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 363 kg/ha (2023) —

Value 363 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 124 kg/ha (2023) +117%

Value 124 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +117.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 3.24 kt (2023) +18710%

Value 3.24 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +18709.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 35.3 kg/ha (2023) +1541%

Value 35.3 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1541.0%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 27.5 g per $ (2023) —

Value 27.5 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 15.1 t (2020) -36%

Value 15.1 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -36.4%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 474 t (2023) -99%

Value 474 t (2023)

Change since 2002 -99.3%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 949 k$ (2023) -90%

Value 949 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -89.8%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.47 kt (2023) +910%

Value 1.47 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +909.8%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 463 k$ (2023) +1132%

Value 463 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +1132.2%

Production of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.14 Mt (2016) +157%

Value 1.14 Mt (2016)

Change since 2002 +156.9%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 1.96 kt (2016) -2%

Value 1.96 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 -2.1%

Export of ammonium nitrate 0.48 t (2022) -84%

Value 0.48 t (2022)

Change since 2002 -84.0%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 440 $ (2022) -77%

Value 440 $ (2022)

Change since 2002 -76.6%

Import of ammonium nitrate 29.6 kt (2023) +20%

Value 29.6 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +19.7%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 24.7 M$ (2023) +543%

Value 24.7 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +543.2%

Export of ammonium sulphate 863 t (2023) -95%

Value 863 t (2023)

Change since 2004 -95.4%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 449 k$ (2023) -85%

Value 449 k$ (2023)

Change since 2004 -85.4%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 1.76 kt (2023) -59%

Value 1.76 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -59.2%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 643 k$ (2023) +93%

Value 643 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +92.9%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 5.4 t (2023) -98%

Value 5.4 t (2023)

Change since 2002 -97.6%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 8.17 k$ (2023) -89%

Value 8.17 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -89.3%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 651 t (2020) +2402%

Value 651 t (2020)

Change since 2005 +2402.3%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 144 k$ (2020) +574%

Value 144 k$ (2020)

Change since 2005 +573.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 11.4 kt N (2023) +2391%

Value 11.4 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +2390.6%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 2.13 kt (2023) -61%

Value 2.13 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -61.0%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.54 M$ (2023) -34%

Value 1.54 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -34.2%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.23 kt (2023) -97%

Value 1.23 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -96.7%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 2.8 M$ (2023) +29%

Value 2.8 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +29.1%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 21.5 kt (2016) -38%

Value 21.5 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 -38.5%

Export of NPK fertilizers 26 kt (2023) +1203%

Value 26 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +1202.6%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 26 M$ (2023) +1203%

Value 26 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +1202.6%

Import of NPK fertilizers 10.9 kt (2023) +31%

Value 10.9 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +31.4%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 7.83 M$ (2023) +256%

Value 7.83 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +255.7%

Production of NPK fertilizers 40 kt (2016) -38%

Value 40 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 -37.5%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.31 kt (2023) +18%

Value 1.31 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +17.6%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.05 M$ (2023) +143%

Value 1.05 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +143.3%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 11.4 kt (2023) -54%

Value 11.4 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -54.1%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 5.69 M$ (2023) +285%

Value 5.69 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +285.0%

Agriculture use of urea 24.5 kt (2016) -57%

Value 24.5 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 -57.1%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 22.8 t (2023) +785%

Value 22.8 t (2023)

Change since 2002 +785.3%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 13.7 k$ (2023) +2433%

Value 13.7 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +2433.3%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 8.98 k$ (2023) -37%

Value 8.98 k$ (2023)

Change since 2005 -37.2%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 1.19 t (2023) -99%

Value 1.19 t (2023)

Change since 2005 -98.8%

Export of urea 7.04 kt (2023) -98%

Value 7.04 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -97.9%

Export value of urea 3.67 M$ (2023) -93%

Value 3.67 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -92.5%

Import of urea 5.36 kt (2023) +29%

Value 5.36 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 +28.6%

Import value of urea 2.4 M$ (2023) +446%

Value 2.4 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 +445.7%

Production of urea 1.95 Mt (2016) +216%

Value 1.95 Mt (2016)

Change since 2002 +215.7%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 4.39 kt (2023) +84769%

Value 4.39 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +84769.0%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 328 t (2023) +5582%

Value 328 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +5582.4%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 3.58 kg/ha (2023) +396%

Value 3.58 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +395.7%

N lost from croplands through leaching 1,786 kg/ha and ton (2023) +51739%

Value 1,786 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +51739.4%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 19.5 kg/ha (2023) +4423%

Value 19.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +4422.9%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 47.8 kg/ha (2023) +7304%

Value 47.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +7304.0%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 2.22 kt (2023) +8051%

Value 2.22 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +8051.1%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 342 t (2023) +28967%

Value 342 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +28966.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 24.2 kg/ha (2023) +611%

Value 24.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +611.1%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 3.73 kg/ha (2023) +2435%

Value 3.73 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +2435.0%

Nitrogen use efficiency 6.36 % (2014) +143%

Value 6.36 % (2014)

Change since 1961 +142.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 500 kt CO₂e (2024) +922%

Value 500 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +922.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 700 Gt CO₂e (2023) +250%

Value 700 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +250.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 65.8 t CO₂e/person (2023) -38%

Value 65.8 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -37.6%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0 t (2010) —

Value 0 t (2010)

Change since 2007 —

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0026 t (2023) +550%

Value 0.0026 t (2023)

Change since 1990 +550.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1975 —

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0 t (2008) —

Value 0 t (2008)

Change since 1977 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0001 t (2023) —

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1990 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0 t (2008) —

Value 0 t (2008)

Change since 1961 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0 t (2010) —

Value 0 t (2010)

Change since 2007 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0006 t (2023) +500%

Value 0.0006 t (2023)

Change since 1990 +500.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1975 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0 t (2008) —

Value 0 t (2008)

Change since 1977 —

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0 t (2010) —

Value 0 t (2010)

Change since 2007 —

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 3.2 t (2023) +540%

Value 3.2 t (2023)

Change since 1990 +540.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1975 —

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0 t (2008) —

Value 0 t (2008)

Change since 1977 —

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 141 t (2023) —

Value 141 t (2023)

Change since 1961 —

N content from crop residues, for barley 1.27 t (2010) +18%

Value 1.27 t (2010)

Change since 2007 +17.7%

N content from crop residues, for maize 168 t (2023) +518%

Value 168 t (2023)

Change since 1990 +517.8%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 2.33 t (2023) +240%

Value 2.33 t (2023)

Change since 1975 +239.8%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 0.39 t (2008) +85%

Value 0.39 t (2008)

Change since 1977 +85.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 1.54 kg/ha (2023) —

Value 1.54 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 2.21 Mt CO₂e (2024) +1299%

Value 2.21 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +1298.5%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 248 % change (2024) +3194%

Value 248 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +3194.3%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 2,635 Gt CO₂e (2024) +11013%

Value 2,635 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +11012.7%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.0898 % (2024) +444%

Value 0.0898 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +444.1%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.035 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 1.2 kt CO₂e (2024) —

Value 1.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 14.5 kt CO₂e (2024) -76%

Value 14.5 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -76.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 59.3 kt CO₂e (2024) +6489%

Value 59.3 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +6488.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 1.06 Mt CO₂e (2024) +2612%

Value 1.06 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +2612.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 31 kt CO₂e (2024) +30900%

Value 31 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +30900.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 312 kt CO₂e (2024) +8116%

Value 312 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +8115.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 224 kt CO₂e (2024) +5649%

Value 224 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +5648.7%

Population (total) 11.5 M (2025) +8666%

Value 11.5 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +8666.3%

GDP (current US$) 552 B$ (2024) +80415%

Value 552 B$ (2024)

Change since 1970 +80415.4%

GDP per capita (current US$) 50.3 k$ (2024) +2000%

Value 50.3 k$ (2024)

Change since 1970 +1999.9%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.582 % of land area (2023) +1277%

Value 0.582 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +1277.3%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 5 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 0.769 % of GDP (2024) +42%

Value 0.769 % of GDP (2024)

Change since 1975 +42.3%

Cropland area (hectares) 91,704 ha (2023) +1046%

Value 91,704 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1046.3%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations