Turkmenistan

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 16.4 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 29.9 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.04 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 1.85 kt (2023) +86%

Value 1.85 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +85.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 1.13 kg/ha (2023) +29%

Value 1.13 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +28.9%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year 35.8 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 1.88 kg/person (2023) -26%

Value 1.88 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1992 -26.0%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 611 t (2020) +918%

Value 611 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +918.0%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 39.2 kt (2023) —

Value 39.2 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 347 kg/ha (2023) +120%

Value 347 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +119.8%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 88.5 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 48.5 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 313 kg/ha (2023) +254%

Value 313 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +254.1%

Total N fertilizer production 761 kt (2023) +994%

Value 761 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +994.0%

N fertilizer imports 36.3 kt (2023) +17%

Value 36.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +17.2%

N fertilizer exports 642 kt (2023) —

Value 642 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 —

N fertilizer use per capita 69.3 kg/ person (2023) +173%

Value 69.3 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1992 +173.5%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 511 kt (2023) +411%

Value 511 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +410.6%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 312 kg/ha (2023) +256%

Value 312 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +255.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 302 kg/ha (2023) +242%

Value 302 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +241.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 87.3 kt (2023) +196%

Value 87.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +196.4%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 53.5 kg/ha (2023) +106%

Value 53.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +105.6%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 104 g per $ (2023) +143%

Value 104 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1992 +142.7%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 288 t (2020) +174%

Value 288 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +173.7%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.37 kt (2007) -62%

Value 1.37 kt (2007)

Change since 2005 -62.3%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 337 k$ (2007) -52%

Value 337 k$ (2007)

Change since 2005 -51.7%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 105 t (2018) -94%

Value 105 t (2018)

Change since 2004 -94.3%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 26.6 k$ (2018) -76%

Value 26.6 k$ (2018)

Change since 2004 -76.1%

Export of ammonium nitrate 29.6 t (2024) -68%

Value 29.6 t (2024)

Change since 2022 -68.5%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 13 k$ (2024) -73%

Value 13 k$ (2024)

Change since 2022 -73.3%

Import of ammonium nitrate 14.5 kt (2024) -70%

Value 14.5 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -70.3%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 6.99 M$ (2024) +136%

Value 6.99 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +135.6%

Export of ammonium sulphate single year 8.34 kt (2022) —

Export value of ammonium sulphate single year 2.09 M$ (2022) —

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 31.9 t (2021) +36%

Value 31.9 t (2021)

Change since 2003 +35.6%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 8.8 k$ (2021) +116%

Value 8.8 k$ (2021)

Change since 2003 +115.7%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 0.43 t (2023) -99%

Value 0.43 t (2023)

Change since 2008 -98.6%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 1.65 k$ (2023) -86%

Value 1.65 k$ (2023)

Change since 2008 -85.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 493 kt N (2023) +393%

Value 493 kt N (2023)

Change since 1992 +392.6%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 547 t (2024) +9011%

Value 547 t (2024)

Change since 2005 +9011.0%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 200 k$ (2024) +411%

Value 200 k$ (2024)

Change since 2005 +411.3%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 503 t (2024) +6141%

Value 503 t (2024)

Change since 2003 +6140.9%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 753 k$ (2024) +6934%

Value 753 k$ (2024)

Change since 2003 +6934.2%

Export of NPK fertilizers 1.69 kt (2024) +10%

Value 1.69 kt (2024)

Change since 2017 +10.4%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 1.69 M$ (2024) +10%

Value 1.69 M$ (2024)

Change since 2017 +10.4%

Import of NPK fertilizers 131 t (2024) +171%

Value 131 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +171.3%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 270 k$ (2024) +525%

Value 270 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +524.9%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 44.7 t (2023) +89240%

Value 44.7 t (2023)

Change since 2012 +89240.0%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 20.4 k$ (2023) +3749%

Value 20.4 k$ (2023)

Change since 2012 +3749.1%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 6.69 kt (2024) +403076%

Value 6.69 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +403075.9%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 4.21 M$ (2024) +637676%

Value 4.21 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +637675.8%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 5.88 kt (2024) -5%

Value 5.88 kt (2024)

Change since 2021 -4.9%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 882 k$ (2024) -38%

Value 882 k$ (2024)

Change since 2021 -37.9%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 3.07 k$ (2024) -26%

Value 3.07 k$ (2024)

Change since 2016 -25.8%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0.9 t (2024) -93%

Value 0.9 t (2024)

Change since 2016 -93.3%

Export of urea 1.02 Mt (2024) +5451%

Value 1.02 Mt (2024)

Change since 2008 +5451.5%

Export value of urea 366 M$ (2024) +3802%

Value 366 M$ (2024)

Change since 2008 +3802.3%

Import of urea 78.7 t (2024) -100%

Value 78.7 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.7%

Import value of urea 52.6 k$ (2024) -97%

Value 52.6 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -97.4%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 179 kt (2023) +362%

Value 179 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +361.8%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 4.55 kt (2023) +33%

Value 4.55 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +32.6%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 2.79 kg/ha (2023) -8%

Value 2.79 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 -8.0%

N lost from croplands through leaching 68,523 kg/ha and ton (2023) +331%

Value 68,523 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1992 +331.1%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 42 kg/ha (2023) +199%

Value 42 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +199.1%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 110 kg/ha (2023) +220%

Value 110 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +220.3%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 74.8 kt (2023) -17%

Value 74.8 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 -17.2%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 29.5 kt (2023) +8%

Value 29.5 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +7.7%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 45.8 kg/ha (2023) -43%

Value 45.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 -42.6%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 18.1 kg/ha (2023) -25%

Value 18.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 -25.3%

Nitrogen use efficiency 24.2 % (2014) -75%

Value 24.2 % (2014)

Change since 1992 -75.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 4.77 Mt CO₂e (2024) +283%

Value 4.77 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +283.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 5,670 Gt CO₂e (2023) +145%

Value 5,670 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +145.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 770 t CO₂e/person (2023) +25%

Value 770 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 +25.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0583 t (2023) +121%

Value 0.0583 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +120.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0006 t (2023) +200%

Value 0.0006 t (2023)

Change since 2016 +200.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0006 t (2023) -97%

Value 0.0006 t (2023)

Change since 1992 -97.2%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0312 t (2023) +1850%

Value 0.0312 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +1850.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0164 t (2023) +1%

Value 0.0164 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +1.2%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye single year 0.0009 t (1992) —

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.241 t (2023) +197%

Value 0.241 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +196.7%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0001 t (2023) -97%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1992 -96.7%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0.0008 t (2023) -27%

Value 0.0008 t (2023)

Change since 1992 -27.3%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0179 t (2023) +225%

Value 0.0179 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +225.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0131 t (2023) +122%

Value 0.0131 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +122.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0001 t (2023) +0%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 2016 +0.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0001 t (2023) -98%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1992 -97.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.007 t (2023) +1650%

Value 0.007 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +1650.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0037 t (2023) +3%

Value 0.0037 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +2.8%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye single year 0.0002 t (1992) —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0543 t (2023) +197%

Value 0.0543 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +196.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 71.4 t (2023) +121%

Value 71.4 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +121.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.8 t (2023) +167%

Value 0.8 t (2023)

Change since 2016 +166.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.8 t (2023) -97%

Value 0.8 t (2023)

Change since 1992 -97.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 38.2 t (2023) +1911%

Value 38.2 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +1910.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 20.1 t (2023) +2%

Value 20.1 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +1.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye single year 1.1 t (1992) —

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 296 t (2023) +196%

Value 296 t (2023)

Change since 1992 +196.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 4.9 kt (2023) +48%

Value 4.9 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +47.6%

N content from crop residues, for barley 3.71 kt (2023) +121%

Value 3.71 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +121.0%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 39.9 t (2023) +178%

Value 39.9 t (2023)

Change since 2016 +177.9%

N content from crop residues, for maize 41.3 t (2023) -97%

Value 41.3 t (2023)

Change since 1992 -97.0%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 1.99 kt (2023) +1905%

Value 1.99 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +1904.6%

N content from crop residues, for rice 1.04 kt (2023) +2%

Value 1.04 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +1.5%

N content from crop residues, for rye single year 58.6 t (1992) —

N content from crop residues, for wheat 15.4 kt (2023) +197%

Value 15.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1992 +196.6%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 3 kg/ha (2023) +2%

Value 3 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +2.4%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 5.94 Mt CO₂e (2024) +245%

Value 5.94 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +245.0%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 218 % change (2024) +18117%

Value 218 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +18117.3%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 7,195 Gt CO₂e (2024) +4023%

Value 7,195 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +4023.2%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.245 % (2024) +102%

Value 0.245 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +101.9%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.04 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 24.2 kt CO₂e (2024) +9%

Value 24.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +8.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 12.4 kt CO₂e (2024) +1450%

Value 12.4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +1450.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 5.7 kt CO₂e (2024) +5600%

Value 5.7 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +5600.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 941 kt CO₂e (2024) +133%

Value 941 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +133.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 9.2 kt CO₂e (2024) +513%

Value 9.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +513.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 70.9 kt CO₂e (2024) +236%

Value 70.9 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +236.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 104 kt CO₂e (2024) +279%

Value 104 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +278.6%

Population (total) 7.62 M (2025) +364%

Value 7.62 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +363.6%

GDP (current US$) 49.8 B$ (2025) +2037%

Value 49.8 B$ (2025)

Change since 1987 +2037.3%

GDP per capita (current US$) 6.54 k$ (2025) +869%

Value 6.54 k$ (2025)

Change since 1987 +868.6%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.0847 % of land area (2023) +14%

Value 0.0847 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1992 +13.7%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 2 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 12.4 % of GDP (2025) -56%

Value 12.4 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 1987 -55.9%

Cropland area (hectares) 1,631,339 ha (2023) +44%

Value 1,631,339 ha (2023)

Change since 1992 +44.2%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations