Poland

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 63.9 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 779 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 1.04 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 61.7 kt (2023) +78%

Value 61.7 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +77.6%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 5.34 kg/ha (2023) +149%

Value 5.34 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +148.8%

N balance in agroecosystems 689 kt (2019) -48%

Value 689 kt (2019)

Change since 1985 -48.1%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year -70.8 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 9.69 kg/person (2023) -19%

Value 9.69 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -19.1%

Nitrogen applied from organic fertilizers (excluding livestock manure) 4.99 kt (2019) +328%

Value 4.99 kt (2019)

Change since 1985 +327.6%

Nitrogen applied from inorganic fertilizers 994 kt (2019) -20%

Value 994 kt (2019)

Change since 1985 -19.7%

Nitrogen produced from cattle manure 344 kt (2019) -40%

Value 344 kt (2019)

Change since 1985 -40.2%

Nitrogen produced from pig manure 124 kt (2019) -36%

Value 124 kt (2019)

Change since 1985 -35.7%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 2.1 kt (2020) +40%

Value 2.1 kt (2020)

Change since 2000 +40.2%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 242 kt (2023) -14%

Value 242 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -13.6%

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 156 kg/ha (2023) +178%

Value 156 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +177.9%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 1.21 Mt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 99.2 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 80.1 kg/ha (2023) +441%

Value 80.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +440.9%

Total N fertilizer production 1.49 Mt (2023) +430%

Value 1.49 Mt (2023)

Change since 1961 +429.5%

N fertilizer imports 799 kt (2023) +5053%

Value 799 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +5052.6%

N fertilizer exports 667 kt (2023) +6789%

Value 667 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +6788.6%

N fertilizer use per capita 29.8 kg/ person (2023) +199%

Value 29.8 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +198.6%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 1.16 Mt (2023) +286%

Value 1.16 Mt (2023)

Change since 1961 +286.1%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 80.1 kg/ha (2023) +441%

Value 80.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +440.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 72.9 kg/ha (2023) +393%

Value 72.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +392.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 326 kt (2023) -20%

Value 326 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -19.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 28.2 kg/ha (2023) +12%

Value 28.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +12.4%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 34.1 g per $ (2023) +217%

Value 34.1 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 +217.2%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 912 t (2020) +2%

Value 912 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +1.8%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 27.2 kt (2024) +27%

Value 27.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +27.3%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 16.3 M$ (2024) +358%

Value 16.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +358.2%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 7.51 kt (2024) -91%

Value 7.51 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -90.5%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 5.46 M$ (2024) -41%

Value 5.46 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -41.0%

Production of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.73 Mt (2024) -23%

Value 1.73 Mt (2024)

Change since 2015 -22.6%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 1.2 Mt (2011) -3%

Value 1.2 Mt (2011)

Change since 2002 -3.4%

Export of ammonium nitrate 91.6 kt (2024) +58%

Value 91.6 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +57.6%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 36.6 M$ (2024) +529%

Value 36.6 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +528.7%

Import of ammonium nitrate 159 kt (2024) -24%

Value 159 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -23.7%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 48.5 M$ (2024) +174%

Value 48.5 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +174.4%

Production of ammonium nitrate 1.35 Mt (2024) +23%

Value 1.35 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +23.3%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 382 kt (2011) +97%

Value 382 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 +96.7%

Export of ammonium sulphate 13.2 kt (2024) -97%

Value 13.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -97.2%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 5.39 M$ (2024) -76%

Value 5.39 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -76.0%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 63.5 kt (2024) +101%

Value 63.5 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +101.4%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 13.4 M$ (2024) +635%

Value 13.4 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +634.6%

Production of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 485 kt (2024) -23%

Value 485 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -22.8%

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 1.26 Mt (2011) +54%

Value 1.26 Mt (2011)

Change since 2002 +54.1%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 436 kt (2024) +25%

Value 436 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +25.3%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 121 M$ (2024) +260%

Value 121 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +260.0%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 322 kt (2024) +246%

Value 322 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +245.8%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 90 M$ (2024) +1052%

Value 90 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1051.7%

Production of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 1.57 Mt (2024) +47%

Value 1.57 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +46.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 842 kt N (2023) +252%

Value 842 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +251.6%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 27.8 kt (2024) +3389%

Value 27.8 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +3389.4%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 78.8 M$ (2024) +7172%

Value 78.8 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +7172.3%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 46.3 kt (2024) +36%

Value 46.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +35.7%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 37.7 M$ (2024) +804%

Value 37.7 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +803.8%

Production of fertilizers n.e.c. 38.2 kt (2024) +152%

Value 38.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2015 +152.2%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers single year 108 kt (2009) —

Export of NPK fertilizers 365 kt (2024) -9%

Value 365 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -8.9%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 365 M$ (2024) -9%

Value 365 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -8.9%

Import of NPK fertilizers 620 kt (2024) +330%

Value 620 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +329.6%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 303 M$ (2024) +1184%

Value 303 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1184.3%

Production of NPK fertilizers 853 kt (2024) -30%

Value 853 kt (2024)

Change since 2014 -30.0%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 215 kt (2024) +105%

Value 215 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +105.4%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 91 M$ (2024) +864%

Value 91 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +863.7%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 89.6 kt (2024) +234%

Value 89.6 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +233.8%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 31.4 M$ (2024) +862%

Value 31.4 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +861.6%

Production of other nitrogenous fertilizers 120 kt (2024) -7%

Value 120 kt (2024)

Change since 2014 -6.8%

Agriculture use of urea 926 kt (2011) +32%

Value 926 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 +32.2%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 285 kt (2011) +29%

Value 285 kt (2011)

Change since 2009 +29.2%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 18.3 kt (2024) -70%

Value 18.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -69.8%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 5.47 M$ (2024) +4%

Value 5.47 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +4.0%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 20.3 M$ (2024) +13493%

Value 20.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2003 +13493.3%

Production of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 737 kt (2024) +92%

Value 737 kt (2024)

Change since 2009 +91.9%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 93.4 kt (2024) +4567%

Value 93.4 kt (2024)

Change since 2003 +4567.0%

Export of urea 1.26 Mt (2024) +1424%

Value 1.26 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +1424.2%

Export value of urea 432 M$ (2024) +3960%

Value 432 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +3960.2%

Import of urea 1.33 Mt (2024) +542%

Value 1.33 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +542.0%

Import value of urea 446 M$ (2024) +1874%

Value 446 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1873.6%

Production of urea 1.17 Mt (2024) +103%

Value 1.17 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +103.0%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 375 kt (2023) +94%

Value 375 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +93.8%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 144 kt (2023) -20%

Value 144 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -20.3%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 12.4 kg/ha (2023) +12%

Value 12.4 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +11.7%

N lost from croplands through leaching 157,596 kg/ha and ton (2023) +50%

Value 157,596 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +50.0%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 13.6 kg/ha (2023) +110%

Value 13.6 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +110.1%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 32.5 kg/ha (2023) +172%

Value 32.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +171.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 855 kt (2023) +60%

Value 855 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +60.4%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 260 kt (2023) +45%

Value 260 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +44.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 74.1 kg/ha (2023) +125%

Value 74.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +124.7%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 22.5 kg/ha (2023) +102%

Value 22.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +102.5%

Nitrogen use efficiency 45.3 % (2014) -6%

Value 45.3 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -6.0%

Nitrate concentration in freshwater 8.62 mg/L (2021) +1%

Value 8.62 mg/L (2021)

Change since 2003 +0.6%

Share of all nitrate emissions to surface water attributable to agriculture 62 % (2018) +0%

Value 62 % (2018)

Change since 1995 +0.0%

Percentage of all nitrate emissions to coastal water attributable to agriculture single year 47 % (2000) —

Percentage of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for surface water 0.38 % (1999) +0%

Value 0.38 % (1999)

Change since 1990 +0.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 15 Mt CO₂e (2024) -22%

Value 15 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -22.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from croplands 10.6 Mt CO₂e (2021) -38%

Value 10.6 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1988 -37.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from forestlands 149 Mt CO₂e (2021) +702%

Value 149 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1988 +702.2%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions from agriculture 279 kt (2021) -42%

Value 279 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 -41.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 18,020 Gt CO₂e (2023) -2%

Value 18,020 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -1.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 465 t CO₂e/person (2023) -3%

Value 465 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -3.4%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.531 t (2023) +88%

Value 0.531 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +88.5%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0061 t (2017) +97%

Value 0.0061 t (2017)

Change since 1961 +96.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 1.13 t (2023) +24045%

Value 1.13 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +24044.7%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0056 t (2017) -26%

Value 0.0056 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -26.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.255 t (2023) -55%

Value 0.255 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -55.4%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.151 t (2023) -91%

Value 0.151 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -90.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.424 t (2023) -74%

Value 0.424 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -74.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0098 t (2023) +9700%

Value 0.0098 t (2023)

Change since 2003 +9700.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 2.53 t (2023) +322%

Value 2.53 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +322.3%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0879 t (2023) +10888%

Value 0.0879 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +10887.5%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2018 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0686 t (2023) +75%

Value 0.0686 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +75.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.119 t (2023) +88%

Value 0.119 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +88.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0014 t (2017) +100%

Value 0.0014 t (2017)

Change since 1961 +100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.255 t (2023) +25430%

Value 0.255 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +25430.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0013 t (2017) -24%

Value 0.0013 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -23.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.0573 t (2023) -55%

Value 0.0573 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -55.4%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0341 t (2023) -91%

Value 0.0341 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -90.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.0955 t (2023) -74%

Value 0.0955 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -74.1%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0022 t (2023) —

Value 0.0022 t (2023)

Change since 2003 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.57 t (2023) +322%

Value 0.57 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +322.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 650 t (2023) +88%

Value 650 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +88.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 7.5 t (2017) +97%

Value 7.5 t (2017)

Change since 1961 +97.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 1.39 kt (2023) +24289%

Value 1.39 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +24289.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 6.8 t (2017) -27%

Value 6.8 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -26.9%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 312 t (2023) -55%

Value 312 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -55.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 186 t (2023) -91%

Value 186 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -90.9%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 520 t (2023) -74%

Value 520 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -74.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 12 t (2023) +11900%

Value 12 t (2023)

Change since 2003 +11900.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 3.1 kt (2023) +322%

Value 3.1 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +322.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 32.3 kt (2023) -38%

Value 32.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -37.6%

N content from crop residues, for barley 33.8 kt (2023) +88%

Value 33.8 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +88.5%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 390 t (2017) +98%

Value 390 t (2017)

Change since 1961 +98.4%

N content from crop residues, for maize 72.2 kt (2023) +24284%

Value 72.2 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +24284.3%

N content from crop residues, for millet 355 t (2017) -27%

Value 355 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -26.8%

N content from crop residues, for oats 355 t (2017) -27%

Value 355 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -26.8%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 9.64 kt (2023) -91%

Value 9.64 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -90.9%

N content from crop residues, for rye 27 kt (2023) -74%

Value 27 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -74.1%

N content from crop residues, for soya beans 622 t (2023) +8139%

Value 622 t (2023)

Change since 2003 +8139.1%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 161 kt (2023) +322%

Value 161 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +322.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 2.8 kg/ha (2023) -13%

Value 2.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -12.6%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 24.2 Mt CO₂e (2024) -24%

Value 24.2 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -24.1%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) -1.03 % change (2024) +80%

Value -1.03 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +80.0%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions 289 kt (2021) -42%

Value 289 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 -41.5%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 23.9 Gt CO₂e (2023) -25%

Value 23.9 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1988 -25.3%

Total man-made nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emissions 488 t (2023) -56%

Value 488 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -55.9%

Total man-made ammonia (NH₃) emissions 311 t (2023) -39%

Value 311 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -38.8%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 26,926 Gt CO₂e (2024) +1668%

Value 26,926 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +1667.7%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.917 % (2024) -13%

Value 0.917 % (2024)

Change since 1850 -13.4%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

Ammonium concentration in freshwater 0.0885 mg/L (2021) -47%

Value 0.0885 mg/L (2021)

Change since 1998 -47.1%

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 1.04 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 1 Mt CO₂e (2024) +135%

Value 1 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +135.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 7.7 kt CO₂e (2024) -13%

Value 7.7 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -12.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 143 kt CO₂e (2024) +4%

Value 143 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +4.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 4.66 Mt CO₂e (2024) -57%

Value 4.66 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -56.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 1.9 Mt CO₂e (2024) +258%

Value 1.9 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +257.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 591 kt CO₂e (2024) +126%

Value 591 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +126.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 910 kt CO₂e (2024) +58%

Value 910 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +57.7%

Population (total) 36.4 M (2025) +23%

Value 36.4 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +22.9%

GDP (current US$) 1.04 T$ (2025) +1469%

Value 1.04 T$ (2025)

Change since 1990 +1469.5%

GDP per capita (current US$) 28.4 k$ (2025) +1542%

Value 28.4 k$ (2025)

Change since 1990 +1541.6%

Cropland area (% of land area) 1.12 % of land area (2023) +48%

Value 1.12 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +48.3%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 16 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 2.45 % of GDP (2025) -57%

Value 2.45 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 1995 -57.2%

Cropland area (hectares) 11,546,000 ha (2023) -29%

Value 11,546,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -28.6%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations