New Zealand

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 161 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 83.5 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.111 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 1.48 kt (2023) -6%

Value 1.48 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -6.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 2.5 kg/ha (2023) -36%

Value 2.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -35.7%

N balance in agroecosystems 644 kt (2021) +69%

Value 644 kt (2021)

Change since 1985 +69.0%

N fertilizer consumption per capita 21.1 kg/person (2023) -38%

Value 21.1 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -37.6%

Nitrogen applied from inorganic fertilizers 441 kt (2021) +1002%

Value 441 kt (2021)

Change since 1985 +1002.5%

Nitrogen produced from pig manure 2.45 kt (2021) -44%

Value 2.45 kt (2021)

Change since 1985 -44.1%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 104 t (2020) -6%

Value 104 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -5.8%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 1,291 kg/ha (2023) +69%

Value 1,291 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +68.7%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 106 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 206 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 49.9 kg/ha (2023) +6730%

Value 49.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +6730.1%

Total N fertilizer production 96.6 kt (2023) +1108%

Value 96.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1982 +1107.5%

N fertilizer imports 232 kt (2023) +5352%

Value 232 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +5351.7%

N fertilizer exports 284 t (2023) -90%

Value 284 t (2023)

Change since 1982 -89.9%

N fertilizer use per capita 71.1 kg/ person (2023) +3965%

Value 71.1 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +3965.1%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 368 kt (2023) +8530%

Value 368 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +8530.4%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 49.7 kg/ha (2023) +6712%

Value 49.7 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +6712.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 51.1 kg/ha (2023) +4952%

Value 51.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +4951.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 5.31 kt (2023) +78%

Value 5.31 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +77.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 8.97 kg/ha (2023) +22%

Value 8.97 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +22.0%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 21.2 g per $ (2023) +3316%

Value 21.2 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 +3316.1%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 470 t (2020) +104%

Value 470 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +103.7%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 26 t (2024) +3033%

Value 26 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +3032.5%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 33.5 k$ (2024) +1490%

Value 33.5 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1490.0%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 113 t (2024) +22%

Value 113 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +22.2%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 153 k$ (2024) +42%

Value 153 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +42.2%

Export of ammonium nitrate 141 t (2024) +41%

Value 141 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +41.0%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 211 k$ (2024) +399%

Value 211 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +399.4%

Import of ammonium nitrate 14.3 kt (2024) +56%

Value 14.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +56.1%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 11.8 M$ (2024) +470%

Value 11.8 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +470.1%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 81.2 kt (2024) +53%

Value 81.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +52.9%

Export of ammonium sulphate 2.51 t (2024) -93%

Value 2.51 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -93.0%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 2.27 k$ (2024) -82%

Value 2.27 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -81.9%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 201 kt (2024) +129%

Value 201 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +129.5%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 42.1 M$ (2024) +319%

Value 42.1 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +319.0%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 24.2 t (2023) -86%

Value 24.2 t (2023)

Change since 2002 -86.4%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 20.8 k$ (2023) -69%

Value 20.8 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -68.5%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 8.44 kt (2024) +53%

Value 8.44 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +53.4%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 4.55 M$ (2024) +411%

Value 4.55 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +410.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 30.2 kt N (2023) +7266%

Value 30.2 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +7265.5%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 707 t (2024) +154%

Value 707 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +154.3%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.3 M$ (2024) +430%

Value 1.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +430.3%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 7.43 kt (2024) -11%

Value 7.43 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -11.5%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 12.9 M$ (2024) +295%

Value 12.9 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +294.5%

Export of NPK fertilizers 356 t (2024) -91%

Value 356 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -91.4%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 356 k$ (2024) -91%

Value 356 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -91.4%

Import of NPK fertilizers 36.5 kt (2024) -41%

Value 36.5 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -41.2%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 28.7 M$ (2024) +117%

Value 28.7 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +117.3%

Production of NPK fertilizers 21.1 kt (2006) -44%

Value 21.1 kt (2006)

Change since 2004 -44.1%

Agricultural use of other nitrogenous fertilizers 125 kt (2019) -57%

Value 125 kt (2019)

Change since 2002 -57.2%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 411 t (2024) -27%

Value 411 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -27.5%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 480 k$ (2024) +137%

Value 480 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +136.7%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 9.36 kt (2024) -10%

Value 9.36 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -10.1%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 5.98 M$ (2024) +201%

Value 5.98 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +201.3%

Agriculture use of urea 418 kt (2024) -19%

Value 418 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -19.2%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 24 t (2018) +19900%

Value 24 t (2018)

Change since 2002 +19900.0%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 10.6 k$ (2018) +2014%

Value 10.6 k$ (2018)

Change since 2002 +2014.0%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 546 k$ (2024) +3138%

Value 546 k$ (2024)

Change since 2005 +3137.7%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 1.25 kt (2024) +14317%

Value 1.25 kt (2024)

Change since 2005 +14317.1%

Export of urea 416 t (2024) -73%

Value 416 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -73.0%

Export value of urea 315 k$ (2024) +0%

Value 315 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +0.1%

Import of urea 485 kt (2024) +58%

Value 485 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +58.4%

Import value of urea 194 M$ (2024) +393%

Value 194 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +393.3%

Production of urea single year 263 kt (2004) —

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 10.4 kt (2023) +947%

Value 10.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +946.7%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 1.73 kt (2023) +224%

Value 1.73 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +224.0%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 2.93 kg/ha (2023) +122%

Value 2.93 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +122.2%

N lost from croplands through leaching 4,015 kg/ha and ton (2023) +536%

Value 4,015 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +535.8%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 6.78 kg/ha (2023) +336%

Value 6.78 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +336.0%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 17.7 kg/ha (2023) +618%

Value 17.7 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +617.9%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 27.4 kt (2023) +148%

Value 27.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +148.2%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 6.15 kt (2023) +207%

Value 6.15 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +206.9%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 46.3 kg/ha (2023) +70%

Value 46.3 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +70.2%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 10.4 kg/ha (2023) +110%

Value 10.4 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +110.4%

Nitrogen use efficiency 5.23 % (2014) -49%

Value 5.23 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -49.0%

Share of all nitrate emissions to surface water attributable to agriculture single year 75 % (2000) —

Percentage of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for surface water 0.601 % (2013) —

Value 0.601 % (2013)

Change since 1990 —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 9.33 Mt CO₂e (2024) +19%

Value 9.33 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +19.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from croplands 6.09 Mt CO₂e (2021) -19%

Value 6.09 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 -18.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from forestlands 198 Mt CO₂e (2021) -7%

Value 198 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 -7.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 11,650 Gt CO₂e (2023) -9%

Value 11,650 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -9.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 2,252 t CO₂e/person (2023) -41%

Value 2,252 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -40.6%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.064 t (2023) +321%

Value 0.064 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +321.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0205 t (2023) +1364%

Value 0.0205 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +1364.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.0045 t (2023) -41%

Value 0.0045 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -40.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0096 t (2023) +30%

Value 0.0096 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +29.7%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0 t (1986) -100%

Value 0 t (1986)

Change since 1974 -100.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0746 t (2023) +45%

Value 0.0746 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.4%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0013 t (2023) +550%

Value 0.0013 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +550.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0011 t (2023) -48%

Value 0.0011 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -47.6%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0144 t (2023) +324%

Value 0.0144 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +323.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0046 t (2023) +1433%

Value 0.0046 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +1433.3%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.001 t (2023) -41%

Value 0.001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -41.2%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0022 t (2023) +29%

Value 0.0022 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +29.4%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0 t (1986) —

Value 0 t (1986)

Change since 1974 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0168 t (2023) +46%

Value 0.0168 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +46.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 78.4 t (2023) +322%

Value 78.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +321.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 25.1 t (2023) +1376%

Value 25.1 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +1376.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 5.5 t (2023) -41%

Value 5.5 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -40.9%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 11.8 t (2023) +30%

Value 11.8 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +29.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0 t (1986) -100%

Value 0 t (1986)

Change since 1974 -100.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 91.4 t (2023) +46%

Value 91.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 677 t (2023) +20%

Value 677 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +20.4%

N content from crop residues, for barley 4.07 kt (2023) +321%

Value 4.07 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +320.9%

N content from crop residues, for maize 1.3 kt (2023) +1388%

Value 1.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +1387.6%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 611 t (2023) +29%

Value 611 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +29.2%

N content from crop residues, for soya beans 0.927 t (1986) -93%

Value 0.927 t (1986)

Change since 1974 -93.3%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 4.75 kt (2023) +46%

Value 4.75 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 1.14 kg/ha (2023) -17%

Value 1.14 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -17.4%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 10 Mt CO₂e (2024) +23%

Value 10 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +23.4%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 12.4 % change (2024) +1286%

Value 12.4 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +1286.3%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 7.21 Gt CO₂e (2023) +34%

Value 7.21 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +34.2%

Total man-made nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emissions 151 t (2023) +48%

Value 151 t (2023)

Change since 1990 +47.6%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 13,252 Gt CO₂e (2024) +616%

Value 13,252 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +615.6%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.451 % (2024) -65%

Value 0.451 % (2024)

Change since 1850 -65.0%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.111 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 116 kt CO₂e (2024) +306%

Value 116 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +306.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 400 t CO₂e (2024) +300%

Value 400 t CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +300.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 29.1 kt CO₂e (2024) +103%

Value 29.1 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +103.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 249 kt CO₂e (2024) +73%

Value 249 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +72.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 22 kt CO₂e (2024) +424%

Value 22 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +423.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 155 kt CO₂e (2024) +264%

Value 155 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +264.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 138 kt CO₂e (2024) +113%

Value 138 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +112.8%

Population (total) 5.32 M (2025) +125%

Value 5.32 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +124.5%

GDP (current US$) 264 B$ (2025) +4670%

Value 264 B$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +4669.7%

GDP per capita (current US$) 49.6 k$ (2025) +2025%

Value 49.6 k$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +2024.6%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.273 % of land area (2023) +188%

Value 0.273 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +188.0%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 15 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 4.01 % of GDP (2023) -65%

Value 4.01 % of GDP (2023)

Change since 1971 -64.9%

Cropland area (hectares) 592,000 ha (2023) +46%

Value 592,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.8%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations