Netherlands

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 168 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 148 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.196 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 401 t (2023) -93%

Value 401 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -92.6%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 0.383 kg/ha (2023) -92%

Value 0.383 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -91.8%

N balance in agroecosystems 301 kt (2019) -54%

Value 301 kt (2019)

Change since 1990 -54.2%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year 68.1 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 2.29 kg/person (2023) -79%

Value 2.29 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.9%

Nitrogen applied from organic fertilizers (excluding livestock manure) 6.68 kt (2019) -20%

Value 6.68 kt (2019)

Change since 1990 -19.5%

Nitrogen applied from inorganic fertilizers 203 kt (2019) -49%

Value 203 kt (2019)

Change since 1990 -48.5%

Nitrogen produced from cattle manure 316 kt (2019) -29%

Value 316 kt (2019)

Change since 1990 -29.1%

Nitrogen produced from pig manure 93.7 kt (2019) -37%

Value 93.7 kt (2019)

Change since 1990 -37.4%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 1.55 kt (2020) +37%

Value 1.55 kt (2020)

Change since 2000 +36.6%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 238 kg/ha (2023) -50%

Value 238 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -49.8%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 219 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 249 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 90.6 kg/ha (2023) -14%

Value 90.6 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -13.6%

Total N fertilizer production 1.63 Mt (2023) +275%

Value 1.63 Mt (2023)

Change since 1961 +275.0%

N fertilizer imports 338 kt (2023) +947%

Value 338 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +946.8%

N fertilizer exports 1.51 Mt (2023) +515%

Value 1.51 Mt (2023)

Change since 1961 +515.0%

N fertilizer use per capita 10.7 kg/ person (2023) -49%

Value 10.7 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 -49.0%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 193 kt (2023) -21%

Value 193 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -20.7%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 92.2 kg/ha (2023) -12%

Value 92.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -12.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 84.1 kg/ha (2023) -20%

Value 84.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -19.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 136 kt (2023) +47%

Value 136 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +47.4%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 130 kg/ha (2023) +63%

Value 130 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +63.4%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 10.8 g per $ (2023) -65%

Value 10.8 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 -65.2%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 214 t (2020) -29%

Value 214 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -28.5%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Agricultural use of ammonia (anhydrous) 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2016 —

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 498 kt (2024) -7%

Value 498 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -6.8%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 274 M$ (2024) +310%

Value 274 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +310.3%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 124 kt (2024) +15%

Value 124 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +14.7%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 62 M$ (2024) +282%

Value 62 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +281.7%

Production of ammonia (anhydrous) single year 0 t (2016) —

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 10 kt (2024) —

Value 10 kt (2024)

Change since 2016 —

Export of ammonium nitrate 30.3 kt (2024) +285%

Value 30.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +285.5%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 5.3 M$ (2024) +76%

Value 5.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +75.8%

Import of ammonium nitrate 62.2 kt (2024) +2%

Value 62.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +1.7%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 22.9 M$ (2024) +14%

Value 22.9 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +14.4%

Production of ammonium nitrate single year 191 kt (2016) —

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 6.57 kt (2024) -6%

Value 6.57 kt (2024)

Change since 2016 -5.5%

Export of ammonium sulphate 382 kt (2024) +184%

Value 382 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +183.9%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 62.4 M$ (2024) +20%

Value 62.4 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +20.3%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 333 kt (2024) +1362%

Value 333 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +1361.5%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 46 M$ (2024) +686%

Value 46 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +685.8%

Production of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) single year 750 kt (2016) —

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 422 kt (2024) -18%

Value 422 kt (2024)

Change since 2016 -17.6%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 2.39 Mt (2024) +257%

Value 2.39 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +256.5%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 563 M$ (2024) +136%

Value 563 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +136.0%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 266 kt (2024) +291%

Value 266 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +291.0%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 71.9 M$ (2024) +157%

Value 71.9 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +156.6%

Production of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate single year 2.74 Mt (2016) —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 87.8 kt N (2023) -28%

Value 87.8 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 -27.7%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 47.5 kt (2024) +309%

Value 47.5 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +309.0%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 85.2 M$ (2024) +923%

Value 85.2 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +923.0%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 28.6 kt (2024) +11%

Value 28.6 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +11.3%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 39.4 M$ (2024) +418%

Value 39.4 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +417.5%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers single year 48.3 kt (2016) —

Export of NPK fertilizers 412 kt (2024) -15%

Value 412 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -14.6%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 412 M$ (2024) -15%

Value 412 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -14.6%

Import of NPK fertilizers 117 kt (2024) -39%

Value 117 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -39.1%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 98.6 M$ (2024) +177%

Value 98.6 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +177.0%

Production of NPK fertilizers single year 336 kt (2016) —

Agricultural use of other nitrogenous fertilizers 230 kt (2024) -24%

Value 230 kt (2024)

Change since 2016 -24.1%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 400 kt (2024) +334%

Value 400 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +333.6%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 114 M$ (2024) +286%

Value 114 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +286.1%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 144 kt (2024) +372%

Value 144 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +372.4%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 68.1 M$ (2024) +413%

Value 68.1 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +413.0%

Production of other nitrogenous fertilizers single year 1.54 Mt (2016) —

Agriculture use of urea 70.1 kt (2024) +15%

Value 70.1 kt (2024)

Change since 2016 +15.1%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2016 —

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 807 kt (2024) +606%

Value 807 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +606.1%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 201 M$ (2024) +512%

Value 201 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +512.2%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 4.26 M$ (2024) +489%

Value 4.26 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +489.0%

Production of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions single year 0 t (2016) —

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 12.7 kt (2024) +419%

Value 12.7 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +419.0%

Export of urea 1.32 Mt (2024) +388%

Value 1.32 Mt (2024)

Change since 2002 +388.0%

Export value of urea 426 M$ (2024) +470%

Value 426 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +470.1%

Import of urea 300 kt (2024) +360%

Value 300 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +359.5%

Import value of urea 122 M$ (2024) +621%

Value 122 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +621.1%

Production of urea single year 1.87 Mt (2016) —

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 69.2 kt (2023) +8%

Value 69.2 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +7.9%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 15.8 kt (2023) +78%

Value 15.8 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +77.5%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 15.1 kg/ha (2023) +97%

Value 15.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +96.9%

N lost from croplands through leaching 36,646 kg/ha and ton (2023) +20%

Value 36,646 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +19.8%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 35.1 kg/ha (2023) +33%

Value 35.1 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +32.8%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 66.2 kg/ha (2023) +20%

Value 66.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +19.6%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 78.1 kt (2023) +12%

Value 78.1 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +11.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 25.4 kt (2023) +22%

Value 25.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +22.2%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 74.7 kg/ha (2023) +24%

Value 74.7 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +23.6%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 24.3 kg/ha (2023) +36%

Value 24.3 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +35.5%

Nitrogen use efficiency 37.1 % (2014) +104%

Value 37.1 % (2014)

Change since 1961 +104.4%

Nitrate concentration in freshwater 19.6 mg/L (2021) -25%

Value 19.6 mg/L (2021)

Change since 2004 -25.4%

Share of all nitrate emissions to surface water attributable to agriculture 41 % (2014) +28%

Value 41 % (2014)

Change since 1990 +28.1%

Percentage of all nitrate emissions to coastal water attributable to agriculture 0.1 % (2014) +43%

Value 0.1 % (2014)

Change since 1990 +42.9%

Share of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for ground water 13 % (2014) -13%

Value 13 % (2014)

Change since 1992 -13.3%

Percentage of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for surface water 2 % (2014) -90%

Value 2 % (2014)

Change since 1992 -90.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 5.33 Mt CO₂e (2024) -10%

Value 5.33 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -9.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from croplands 41.3 Mt CO₂e (2021) -29%

Value 41.3 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 -28.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from forestlands 4.38 Mt CO₂e (2021) -30%

Value 4.38 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 -30.3%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions from agriculture 109 kt (2021) -67%

Value 109 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 -67.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 5,960 Gt CO₂e (2023) -26%

Value 5,960 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -25.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 329 t CO₂e/person (2023) -38%

Value 329 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -38.4%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0415 t (2023) -43%

Value 0.0415 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -43.2%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0005 t (2017) -58%

Value 0.0005 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -58.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0188 t (2023) +18700%

Value 0.0188 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +18700.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.001 t (2023) -99%

Value 0.001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -98.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.155 t (2023) +50%

Value 0.155 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +49.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.0012 t (2023) -98%

Value 0.0012 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -97.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.21 t (2023) +118%

Value 0.21 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +118.1%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.001 t (2023) —

Value 0.001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2018 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0036 t (2023) +6%

Value 0.0036 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +5.9%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0093 t (2023) -43%

Value 0.0093 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -43.3%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0001 t (2017) -67%

Value 0.0001 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -66.7%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0042 t (2023) —

Value 0.0042 t (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.0002 t (2023) -99%

Value 0.0002 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -99.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0348 t (2023) +50%

Value 0.0348 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +50.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.0003 t (2023) -98%

Value 0.0003 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -97.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0473 t (2023) +118%

Value 0.0473 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +118.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 50.8 t (2023) -43%

Value 50.8 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -43.2%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.7 t (2017) -53%

Value 0.7 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -53.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 23 t (2023) +22900%

Value 23 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +22900.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 1.3 t (2023) -99%

Value 1.3 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -98.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 190 t (2023) +50%

Value 190 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +49.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 1.5 t (2023) -98%

Value 1.5 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -97.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 257 t (2023) +118%

Value 257 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +118.1%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 2.85 kt (2023) +12%

Value 2.85 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +11.6%

N content from crop residues, for barley 2.64 kt (2023) -43%

Value 2.64 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -43.2%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 33.8 t (2017) -55%

Value 33.8 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -55.3%

N content from crop residues, for maize 1.19 kt (2023) +19097%

Value 1.19 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +19096.7%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 9.85 kt (2023) +50%

Value 9.85 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +49.9%

N content from crop residues, for rye 79.4 t (2023) -98%

Value 79.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -97.7%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 13.4 kt (2023) +118%

Value 13.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +118.1%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 2.73 kg/ha (2023) +24%

Value 2.73 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +23.8%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 7.91 Mt CO₂e (2024) -44%

Value 7.91 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -44.4%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) -39.8 % change (2024) -5993%

Value -39.8 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 -5993.1%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions 122 kt (2021) -65%

Value 122 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 -64.6%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 6.6 Gt CO₂e (2023) -59%

Value 6.6 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -59.0%

Total man-made nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emissions 170 t (2023) -74%

Value 170 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -74.2%

Total man-made ammonia (NH₃) emissions 116 t (2023) -66%

Value 116 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -66.4%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 8,976 Gt CO₂e (2024) +1075%

Value 8,976 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +1075.4%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.306 % (2024) -42%

Value 0.306 % (2024)

Change since 1850 -42.4%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

Ammonium concentration in freshwater 0.352 mg/L (2021) -21%

Value 0.352 mg/L (2021)

Change since 1992 -20.8%

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.196 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 154 kt CO₂e (2024) +6%

Value 154 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +5.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 5.2 kt CO₂e (2024) -69%

Value 5.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -68.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 16 kt CO₂e (2024) -57%

Value 16 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -56.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 1.46 Mt CO₂e (2024) -81%

Value 1.46 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -80.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 159 kt CO₂e (2024) +225%

Value 159 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +225.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 213 kt CO₂e (2024) +17%

Value 213 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +16.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 569 kt CO₂e (2024) +164%

Value 569 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +163.7%

Population (total) 18.1 M (2025) +57%

Value 18.1 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +57.5%

GDP (current US$) 1.33 T$ (2025) +9934%

Value 1.33 T$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +9933.7%

GDP per capita (current US$) 73.7 k$ (2025) +6272%

Value 73.7 k$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +6271.9%

Cropland area (% of land area) 1.07 % of land area (2023) +3%

Value 1.07 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +3.1%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 13 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 1.68 % of GDP (2025) -70%

Value 1.68 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 1969 -70.1%

Cropland area (hectares) 1,045,000 ha (2023) +2%

Value 1,045,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1.8%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations