Lebanon

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 154 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 41.6 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.055 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 1.12 kt (2023) +27%

Value 1.12 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +27.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 4.07 kg/ha (2023) +22%

Value 4.07 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +21.7%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year 3.53 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.69 kg/person (2023) -58%

Value 0.69 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -57.7%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2020) —

Value 0 t (2020)

Change since 2002 —

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 190 kg/ha (2023) +111%

Value 190 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +111.2%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 48.4 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 179 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 56.9 kg/ha (2023) +90%

Value 56.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +89.9%

Total N fertilizer production 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1966 -100.0%

N fertilizer imports 15.6 kt (2023) +99%

Value 15.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +98.6%

N fertilizer exports 15 t (2023) -99%

Value 15 t (2023)

Change since 1968 -99.4%

N fertilizer use per capita 2.7 kg/ person (2023) -36%

Value 2.7 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 -36.3%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 15.6 kt (2023) +99%

Value 15.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +98.7%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 56.5 kg/ha (2023) +89%

Value 56.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +88.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 50.5 kg/ha (2023) +68%

Value 50.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +68.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 7.68 kt (2023) +1085%

Value 7.68 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +1084.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 28 kg/ha (2023) +1032%

Value 28 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1031.9%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 8.57 g per $ (2023) -39%

Value 8.57 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 -38.7%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 17.2 t (2020) -29%

Value 17.2 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -29.4%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 0.72 t (2021) +1100%

Value 0.72 t (2021)

Change since 2006 +1100.0%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.73 k$ (2021) +2062%

Value 1.73 k$ (2021)

Change since 2006 +2062.5%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 94.9 t (2024) +239%

Value 94.9 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +239.0%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 51.7 k$ (2024) +945%

Value 51.7 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +945.3%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 376 t (2011) -98%

Value 376 t (2011)

Change since 2002 -98.0%

Export of ammonium nitrate single year 246 t (2009) —

Export value of ammonium nitrate single year 68.4 k$ (2009) —

Import of ammonium nitrate 4.48 t (2023) -100%

Value 4.48 t (2023)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 2.48 k$ (2023) -100%

Value 2.48 k$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -99.9%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 27 kt (2011) +15%

Value 27 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 +14.5%

Export of ammonium sulphate 3.19 kt (2018) +306951%

Value 3.19 kt (2018)

Change since 2002 +306951.0%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 581 k$ (2018) +484150%

Value 581 k$ (2018)

Change since 2002 +484150.0%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 22.1 kt (2024) -6%

Value 22.1 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -5.7%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 5.07 M$ (2024) +180%

Value 5.07 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +179.5%

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 73 t (2011) -96%

Value 73 t (2011)

Change since 2007 -96.4%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 46.5 t (2020) +482%

Value 46.5 t (2020)

Change since 2003 +481.9%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 67.7 k$ (2020) +3858%

Value 67.7 k$ (2020)

Change since 2003 +3857.9%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 323 t (2024) -84%

Value 323 t (2024)

Change since 2007 -83.9%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 95 k$ (2024) -80%

Value 95 k$ (2024)

Change since 2007 -80.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 13.9 kt N (2023) +76%

Value 13.9 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +75.9%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 23.9 t (2024) -96%

Value 23.9 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -95.9%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 80 k$ (2024) -88%

Value 80 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -88.4%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.8 kt (2024) +230%

Value 1.8 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +229.9%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 5.39 M$ (2024) +876%

Value 5.39 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +875.6%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 40 kt (2016) +7%

Value 40 kt (2016)

Change since 2007 +6.6%

Export of NPK fertilizers 204 t (2024) -79%

Value 204 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -79.4%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 204 k$ (2024) -79%

Value 204 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -79.4%

Import of NPK fertilizers 19.8 kt (2024) -48%

Value 19.8 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -47.5%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 16.8 M$ (2024) +105%

Value 16.8 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +105.0%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 2.24 t (2024) -87%

Value 2.24 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -87.3%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.54 k$ (2024) -62%

Value 1.54 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -61.7%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 6.34 kt (2024) +916%

Value 6.34 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +915.6%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 3.27 M$ (2024) +2912%

Value 3.27 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +2911.6%

Agriculture use of urea 30 kt (2016) +486%

Value 30 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 +485.7%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 8 t (2011) -83%

Value 8 t (2011)

Change since 2003 -83.0%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 254 t (2016) -49%

Value 254 t (2016)

Change since 2004 -49.1%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 63.4 k$ (2016) +1%

Value 63.4 k$ (2016)

Change since 2004 +0.6%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 56.7 k$ (2024) +161%

Value 56.7 k$ (2024)

Change since 2003 +161.4%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 206 t (2024) +350%

Value 206 t (2024)

Change since 2003 +350.0%

Export of urea 2.52 t (2024) -100%

Value 2.52 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.8%

Export value of urea 1.1 k$ (2024) -99%

Value 1.1 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.0%

Import of urea 15 kt (2024) +139%

Value 15 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +139.4%

Import value of urea 6.05 M$ (2024) +1076%

Value 6.05 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1076.5%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 6.98 kt (2023) +174%

Value 6.98 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +173.8%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 5.2 kt (2023) +309%

Value 5.2 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +308.7%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 19 kg/ha (2023) +290%

Value 19 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +290.5%

N lost from croplands through leaching 3,096 kg/ha and ton (2023) +238%

Value 3,096 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +238.4%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 11.3 kg/ha (2023) +223%

Value 11.3 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +223.3%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 25.5 kg/ha (2023) +162%

Value 25.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +161.7%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 12 kt (2023) +137%

Value 12 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +136.8%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 1.74 kt (2023) +66%

Value 1.74 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +66.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 43.8 kg/ha (2023) +126%

Value 43.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +126.3%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 6.35 kg/ha (2023) +59%

Value 6.35 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +59.0%

Nitrogen use efficiency 24.1 % (2014) -36%

Value 24.1 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -35.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 240 kt CO₂e (2024) -21%

Value 240 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -21.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 480 Gt CO₂e (2023) +85%

Value 480 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +84.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 83.1 t CO₂e/person (2023) +15%

Value 83.1 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 +15.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0062 t (2023) +100%

Value 0.0062 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0003 t (2023) -40%

Value 0.0003 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -40.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0004 t (2023) -79%

Value 0.0004 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0183 t (2023) +531%

Value 0.0183 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +531.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0001 t (2023) -75%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -75.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0209 t (2023) +24%

Value 0.0209 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +24.4%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0001 t (2023) -75%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -75.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for sugar cane 0 t (2007) —

Value 0 t (2007)

Change since 1961 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0011 t (2023) -42%

Value 0.0011 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -42.1%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0014 t (2023) +100%

Value 0.0014 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0001 t (2023) +0%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +0.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0001 t (2023) -75%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -75.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0041 t (2023) +583%

Value 0.0041 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +583.3%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0047 t (2023) +24%

Value 0.0047 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +23.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 7.6 t (2023) +100%

Value 7.6 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.4 t (2023) -33%

Value 0.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -33.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.5 t (2023) -78%

Value 0.5 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 22.4 t (2023) +540%

Value 22.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +540.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.1 t (2023) -80%

Value 0.1 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -80.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 25.6 t (2023) +24%

Value 25.6 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +24.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 333 t (2023) +8%

Value 333 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +8.0%

N content from crop residues, for barley 395 t (2023) +100%

Value 395 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.1%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 19.8 t (2023) -35%

Value 19.8 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -34.6%

N content from crop residues, for maize 26.6 t (2023) -78%

Value 26.6 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -77.6%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 1.16 kt (2023) +534%

Value 1.16 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +533.8%

N content from crop residues, for sorghum 3.47 t (2023) -87%

Value 3.47 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.0%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 1.33 kt (2023) +24%

Value 1.33 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +24.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 1.21 kg/ha (2023) +3%

Value 1.21 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +3.2%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 689 kt CO₂e (2024) +44%

Value 689 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +44.3%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 68.3 % change (2024) +739%

Value 68.3 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +739.0%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 545 Mt CO₂e (2022) -2%

Value 545 Mt CO₂e (2022)

Change since 2011 -2.2%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 889 Gt CO₂e (2024) +2570%

Value 889 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +2569.8%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.0303 % (2024) +31%

Value 0.0303 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +30.7%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.055 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 8.4 kt CO₂e (2024) +38%

Value 8.4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +37.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 100 t CO₂e (2024) -86%

Value 100 t CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -85.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 4 kt CO₂e (2024) +33%

Value 4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +33.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 291 kt CO₂e (2024) +133%

Value 291 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +133.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 4.3 kt CO₂e (2024) +760%

Value 4.3 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +760.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 42.6 kt CO₂e (2024) +330%

Value 42.6 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +330.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 98.4 kt CO₂e (2024) +240%

Value 98.4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +240.5%

Population (total) 5.85 M (2025) +226%

Value 5.85 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +226.0%

GDP (current US$) 26 B$ (2024) +684%

Value 26 B$ (2024)

Change since 1988 +683.8%

GDP per capita (current US$) 4.47 k$ (2024) +366%

Value 4.47 k$ (2024)

Change since 1988 +366.4%

Cropland area (% of land area) 13.7 % of land area (2023) +56%

Value 13.7 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +55.6%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 11 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 1.05 % of GDP (2024) -84%

Value 1.05 % of GDP (2024)

Change since 1994 -83.8%

Cropland area (hectares) 274,214 ha (2023) +5%

Value 274,214 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +4.7%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations