Ireland

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 115 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 67.2 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.089 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 4.75 kt (2023) +2761%

Value 4.75 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +2760.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 10.8 kg/ha (2023) +4146%

Value 10.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +4146.1%

N balance in agroecosystems 279 kt (2017) +17%

Value 279 kt (2017)

Change since 1990 +17.3%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year 0 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 15.8 kg/person (2023) -44%

Value 15.8 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -44.0%

Nitrogen applied from organic fertilizers (excluding livestock manure) 1.91 kt (2017) +1750%

Value 1.91 kt (2017)

Change since 1990 +1749.9%

Nitrogen applied from inorganic fertilizers 369 kt (2017) -3%

Value 369 kt (2017)

Change since 1990 -2.7%

Nitrogen produced from cattle manure 466 kt (2017) +18%

Value 466 kt (2017)

Change since 1990 +18.1%

Nitrogen produced from pig manure 13.2 kt (2017) +22%

Value 13.2 kt (2017)

Change since 1990 +22.4%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2020) -100%

Value 0 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -100.0%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 896 kg/ha (2023) +188%

Value 896 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +188.1%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 116 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 198 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 146 kg/ha (2023) +1047%

Value 146 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1046.8%

Total N fertilizer production 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1965 -100.0%

N fertilizer imports 251 kt (2023) +769%

Value 251 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +768.9%

N fertilizer exports 5.74 kt (2023) -36%

Value 5.74 kt (2023)

Change since 1965 -36.2%

N fertilizer use per capita 54 kg/ person (2023) +428%

Value 54 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +428.3%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 281 kt (2023) +872%

Value 281 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +872.3%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 146 kg/ha (2023) +1049%

Value 146 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1049.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 146 kg/ha (2023) +1342%

Value 146 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1342.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 53.3 kt (2023) +40%

Value 53.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +39.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 121 kg/ha (2023) +107%

Value 121 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +107.3%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 34.3 g per $ (2023) +264%

Value 34.3 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 +263.7%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 380 t (2020) +3%

Value 380 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +3.0%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Agricultural use of ammonia (anhydrous) 0 t (2024) -100%

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2012 -100.0%

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 25.7 t (2024) -100%

Value 25.7 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 120 k$ (2024) -99%

Value 120 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.4%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 275 t (2024) -99%

Value 275 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.0%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.38 M$ (2024) -67%

Value 1.38 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -66.5%

Production of ammonia (anhydrous) 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2021 —

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 0 t (2024) -100%

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2004 -100.0%

Export of ammonium nitrate 2.2 kt (2024) +5140%

Value 2.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2005 +5140.3%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 1.32 M$ (2024) +7219%

Value 1.32 M$ (2024)

Change since 2005 +7219.3%

Import of ammonium nitrate 16.3 kt (2024) +78%

Value 16.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +78.3%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 7.66 M$ (2024) +282%

Value 7.66 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +282.4%

Production of ammonium nitrate 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 —

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 943 t (2024) -86%

Value 943 t (2024)

Change since 2004 -86.0%

Export of ammonium sulphate 622 t (2024) +4145%

Value 622 t (2024)

Change since 2005 +4145.3%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 307 k$ (2024) +7112%

Value 307 k$ (2024)

Change since 2005 +7112.2%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 66.8 kt (2024) +379%

Value 66.8 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +378.7%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 19.8 M$ (2024) +887%

Value 19.8 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +887.5%

Production of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 —

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 337 kt (2024) -40%

Value 337 kt (2024)

Change since 2004 -40.0%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 3.92 kt (2024) -96%

Value 3.92 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -95.6%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 2.42 M$ (2024) -72%

Value 2.42 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -72.3%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 417 kt (2024) +15%

Value 417 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +14.9%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 127 M$ (2024) +215%

Value 127 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +215.2%

Production of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 64.5 kt N (2023) +872%

Value 64.5 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +871.6%

Agricultural use of fertilizers n.e.c. 0 t (2024) -100%

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2012 -100.0%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.03 kt (2024) +2447%

Value 1.03 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +2447.5%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 3.94 M$ (2024) +4268%

Value 3.94 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +4267.8%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 6.64 kt (2024) +66%

Value 6.64 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +66.3%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 5.73 M$ (2024) +126%

Value 5.73 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +126.0%

Production of fertilizers n.e.c. 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2021 —

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 590 kt (2024) +20%

Value 590 kt (2024)

Change since 2003 +19.6%

Export of NPK fertilizers 8.58 kt (2024) +41%

Value 8.58 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +41.2%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 8.58 M$ (2024) +41%

Value 8.58 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +41.2%

Import of NPK fertilizers 228 kt (2024) -52%

Value 228 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -52.2%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 91.1 M$ (2024) +24%

Value 91.1 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +24.2%

Production of NPK fertilizers 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 —

Agricultural use of other nitrogenous fertilizers 17.3 kt (2024) -74%

Value 17.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2012 -74.0%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 977 t (2024) +575%

Value 977 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +575.4%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 700 k$ (2024) +36%

Value 700 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +36.1%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 66.3 kt (2024) +99%

Value 66.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +98.9%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 26.3 M$ (2024) +342%

Value 26.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +341.8%

Production of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2021 —

Agriculture use of urea 191 kt (2024) +86%

Value 191 kt (2024)

Change since 2004 +85.6%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0 t (2024) -100%

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 -100.0%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 1.04 t (2021) -81%

Value 1.04 t (2021)

Change since 2007 -81.1%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 4.54 k$ (2021) -10%

Value 4.54 k$ (2021)

Change since 2007 -10.5%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 722 k$ (2024) +44%

Value 722 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +44.0%

Production of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 —

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 2.46 kt (2024) -2%

Value 2.46 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -2.4%

Export of urea 14.6 kt (2024) -91%

Value 14.6 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -90.7%

Export value of urea 7.33 M$ (2024) -63%

Value 7.33 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -62.5%

Import of urea 320 kt (2024) +570%

Value 320 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +569.9%

Import value of urea 125 M$ (2024) +1380%

Value 125 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1380.2%

Production of urea 0 t (2024) —

Value 0 t (2024)

Change since 2006 —

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 35.4 kt (2023) +163%

Value 35.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +163.0%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 1.42 kt (2023) +20%

Value 1.42 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +19.6%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 3.23 kg/ha (2023) +78%

Value 3.23 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +77.5%

N lost from croplands through leaching 17,114 kg/ha and ton (2023) +106%

Value 17,114 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +106.3%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 38.8 kg/ha (2023) +206%

Value 38.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +206.2%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 80.2 kg/ha (2023) +290%

Value 80.2 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +290.4%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 42.7 kt (2023) +19%

Value 42.7 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +18.9%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 14.4 kt (2023) +68%

Value 14.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +67.9%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 96.8 kg/ha (2023) +77%

Value 96.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +76.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 32.6 kg/ha (2023) +149%

Value 32.6 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +149.2%

Nitrogen use efficiency 86.9 % (2014) +13%

Value 86.9 % (2014)

Change since 1961 +12.8%

Nitrate concentration in freshwater 12.1 mg/L (2021) -46%

Value 12.1 mg/L (2021)

Change since 1992 -45.9%

Share of all nitrate emissions to surface water attributable to agriculture single year 80 % (2015) —

Share of all nitrate emissions to ground water attributable to agriculture single year 95 % (2015) —

Percentage of all nitrate emissions to coastal water attributable to agriculture 80 % (2015) -4%

Value 80 % (2015)

Change since 1995 -3.6%

Share of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for ground water 1.3 % (2019) -13%

Value 1.3 % (2019)

Change since 1995 -13.3%

Percentage of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for surface water 0.1 % (2022) -91%

Value 0.1 % (2022)

Change since 2007 -90.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 7.79 Mt CO₂e (2024) +28%

Value 7.79 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +27.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from croplands 4 kt CO₂e (2021) -69%

Value 4 kt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 -69.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from forestlands 234 Mt CO₂e (2021) +62%

Value 234 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 +62.1%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions from agriculture 124 kt (2021) +12%

Value 124 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 +12.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 7,460 Gt CO₂e (2023) -7%

Value 7,460 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -6.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 1,436 t CO₂e/person (2023) -37%

Value 1,436 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -36.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.219 t (2023) +122%

Value 0.219 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +121.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.0269 t (2023) -60%

Value 0.0269 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -60.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0078 t (2023) -88%

Value 0.0078 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.6%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.0001 t (2017) -50%

Value 0.0001 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -50.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0926 t (2023) -3%

Value 0.0926 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -2.6%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2018 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2018 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0016 t (2023) -59%

Value 0.0016 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -59.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.0492 t (2023) +122%

Value 0.0492 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +121.6%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.006 t (2023) -60%

Value 0.006 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -60.3%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0018 t (2023) -87%

Value 0.0018 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.2%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0 t (2017) -100%

Value 0 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0208 t (2023) -3%

Value 0.0208 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -2.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 268 t (2023) +122%

Value 268 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +121.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 32.9 t (2023) -60%

Value 32.9 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -60.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 9.6 t (2023) -88%

Value 9.6 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.1 t (2017) -67%

Value 0.1 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -66.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 113 t (2023) -3%

Value 113 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -2.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 1.3 kt (2023) -43%

Value 1.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -43.3%

N content from crop residues, for barley 13.9 kt (2023) +122%

Value 13.9 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +121.8%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 499 t (2023) -88%

Value 499 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.5%

N content from crop residues, for rye 6.76 t (2017) -56%

Value 6.76 t (2017)

Change since 1961 -55.9%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 5.89 kt (2023) -3%

Value 5.89 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -2.6%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 2.95 kg/ha (2023) -16%

Value 2.95 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -15.8%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 8.32 Mt CO₂e (2024) +14%

Value 8.32 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +13.9%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) -10.3 % change (2024) -333%

Value -10.3 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 -332.8%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions 125 kt (2021) +13%

Value 125 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 +12.6%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 5.1 Gt CO₂e (2023) -20%

Value 5.1 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -20.5%

Total man-made nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emissions 84.4 t (2023) -50%

Value 84.4 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -49.6%

Total man-made ammonia (NH₃) emissions 116 t (2023) -10%

Value 116 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -9.8%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 8,668 Gt CO₂e (2024) +1824%

Value 8,668 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +1824.2%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.295 % (2024) -6%

Value 0.295 % (2024)

Change since 1850 -5.8%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

Ammonium concentration in freshwater 0.0249 mg/L (2021) +28%

Value 0.0249 mg/L (2021)

Change since 1992 +28.3%

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.089 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 90.9 kt CO₂e (2024) +306%

Value 90.9 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +305.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 200 t CO₂e (2024) —

Value 200 t CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 14.6 kt CO₂e (2024) +45%

Value 14.6 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +44.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 122 kt CO₂e (2024) -88%

Value 122 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -88.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 38.7 kt CO₂e (2024) +180%

Value 38.7 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +180.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 121 kt CO₂e (2024) +205%

Value 121 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +205.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 139 kt CO₂e (2024) +155%

Value 139 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +154.9%

Population (total) 5.48 M (2025) +94%

Value 5.48 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +93.9%

GDP (current US$) 722 B$ (2025) +36011%

Value 722 B$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +36011.2%

GDP per capita (current US$) 132 k$ (2025) +18525%

Value 132 k$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +18524.6%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.0145 % of land area (2023) -67%

Value 0.0145 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 -66.7%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 7 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 1.06 % of GDP (2025) -81%

Value 1.06 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 1995 -81.1%

Cropland area (hectares) 441,000 ha (2023) -33%

Value 441,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -32.6%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations