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Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 67.4 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 176 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.234 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 8.34 kt (2023) +210%

Value 8.34 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +209.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 3.48 kg/ha (2023) +264%

Value 3.48 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +264.4%

N balance in agroecosystems 212 kt (2015) -57%

Value 212 kt (2015)

Change since 1990 -57.3%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year 0 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 8.24 kg/person (2023) -79%

Value 8.24 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -78.9%

Nitrogen applied from organic fertilizers (excluding livestock manure) 6.9 kt (2014) +48%

Value 6.9 kt (2014)

Change since 1990 +48.5%

Nitrogen applied from inorganic fertilizers 187 kt (2014) -53%

Value 187 kt (2014)

Change since 1990 -53.3%

Nitrogen produced from cattle manure 123 kt (2014) -18%

Value 123 kt (2014)

Change since 1990 -18.0%

Nitrogen produced from pig manure 98.8 kt (2014) -12%

Value 98.8 kt (2014)

Change since 1990 -12.2%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2020) -100%

Value 0 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -100.0%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 114 kg/ha (2023) -26%

Value 114 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -25.6%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 358 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 137 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 81.9 kg/ha (2023) +73%

Value 81.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +72.8%

Total N fertilizer production 0 t (2023) -100%

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1964 -100.0%

N fertilizer imports 214 kt (2023) +64%

Value 214 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +64.3%

N fertilizer exports 12.6 kt (2023) +625%

Value 12.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1974 +624.6%

N fertilizer use per capita 33 kg/ person (2023) +14%

Value 33 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +13.9%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 196 kt (2023) +47%

Value 196 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +46.9%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 81.9 kg/ha (2023) +73%

Value 81.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +72.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 82.5 kg/ha (2023) +74%

Value 82.5 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +74.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 153 kt (2023) -26%

Value 153 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -26.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 64 kg/ha (2023) -13%

Value 64 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -13.4%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 22.4 g per $ (2023) +4%

Value 22.4 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 +4.0%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 233 t (2020) -1%

Value 233 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -0.5%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Agricultural use of ammonia (anhydrous) 229 t (2023) -97%

Value 229 t (2023)

Change since 2017 -96.9%

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 941 t (2024) +610%

Value 941 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +610.2%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.05 M$ (2024) +741%

Value 1.05 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +741.5%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 21.2 kt (2024) -87%

Value 21.2 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -87.0%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 12.9 M$ (2024) -44%

Value 12.9 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -44.3%

Production of ammonia (anhydrous) 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2017 —

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 12.3 kt (2023) -63%

Value 12.3 kt (2023)

Change since 2004 -62.8%

Export of ammonium nitrate 4.01 t (2024) -100%

Value 4.01 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.6%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 29.5 k$ (2024) -85%

Value 29.5 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -85.3%

Import of ammonium nitrate 3.12 kt (2024) -85%

Value 3.12 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -85.2%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 986 k$ (2024) -57%

Value 986 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -57.2%

Production of ammonium nitrate 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2006 —

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 24.4 kt (2023) +63%

Value 24.4 kt (2023)

Change since 2004 +63.1%

Export of ammonium sulphate 2.57 kt (2024) +303%

Value 2.57 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +303.0%

Export value of ammonium sulphate 815 k$ (2024) +386%

Value 815 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +386.0%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 52.7 kt (2024) +114%

Value 52.7 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +114.0%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 9.91 M$ (2024) +353%

Value 9.91 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +352.7%

Production of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2006 —

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 617 t (2023) -96%

Value 617 t (2023)

Change since 2004 -95.6%

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 1.23 kt (2024) -98%

Value 1.23 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -98.5%

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 421 k$ (2024) -92%

Value 421 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -92.4%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 442 kt (2024) +154%

Value 442 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +154.0%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 94.3 M$ (2024) +404%

Value 94.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +403.6%

Production of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2006 —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 198 kt N (2023) +48%

Value 198 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +47.9%

Agricultural use of fertilizers n.e.c. single year 0 t (2023) —

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 12.8 kt (2024) -87%

Value 12.8 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -87.1%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 3.39 M$ (2024) -89%

Value 3.39 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -89.0%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 42.3 kt (2024) +157%

Value 42.3 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +157.5%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 14.8 M$ (2024) +259%

Value 14.8 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +258.9%

Production of fertilizers n.e.c. 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2017 —

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 168 kt (2023) -55%

Value 168 kt (2023)

Change since 2004 -55.2%

Export of NPK fertilizers 2.18 kt (2024) -99%

Value 2.18 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.3%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 2.18 M$ (2024) -99%

Value 2.18 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -99.3%

Import of NPK fertilizers 231 kt (2024) +59%

Value 231 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +59.2%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 112 M$ (2024) +424%

Value 112 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +423.5%

Production of NPK fertilizers 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2006 —

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.19 kt (2024) +69%

Value 1.19 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +68.9%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 834 k$ (2024) +284%

Value 834 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +283.8%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 113 kt (2024) +20%

Value 113 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +20.4%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 19.9 M$ (2024) +66%

Value 19.9 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +66.0%

Production of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2017 —

Agriculture use of urea 5.93 kt (2023) +690%

Value 5.93 kt (2023)

Change since 2004 +689.7%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 12.3 kt (2023) +39%

Value 12.3 kt (2023)

Change since 2018 +38.7%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 1.81 t (2024) -100%

Value 1.81 t (2024)

Change since 2003 -99.9%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 4.28 k$ (2024) -99%

Value 4.28 k$ (2024)

Change since 2003 -99.0%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 13.8 M$ (2024) +446%

Value 13.8 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +446.4%

Production of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2006 —

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 50.7 kt (2024) +59%

Value 50.7 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +59.0%

Export of urea 16.8 kt (2024) +15819%

Value 16.8 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +15819.4%

Export value of urea 7.51 M$ (2024) +20967%

Value 7.51 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +20966.6%

Import of urea 79 kt (2024) +96%

Value 79 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +96.4%

Import value of urea 29.2 M$ (2024) +447%

Value 29.2 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +447.0%

Production of urea 0 t (2021) —

Value 0 t (2021)

Change since 2006 —

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 105 kt (2023) +2%

Value 105 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +2.3%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 14.2 kt (2023) -9%

Value 14.2 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -9.4%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 5.94 kg/ha (2023) +7%

Value 5.94 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +6.6%

N lost from croplands through leaching 50,251 kg/ha and ton (2023) -9%

Value 50,251 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 -8.6%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 21 kg/ha (2023) +8%

Value 21 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +7.6%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 43.8 kg/ha (2023) +20%

Value 43.8 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +20.3%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 182 kt (2023) +69%

Value 182 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +68.8%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 65.6 kt (2023) +80%

Value 65.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +79.8%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 75.9 kg/ha (2023) +99%

Value 75.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +98.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 27.4 kg/ha (2023) +111%

Value 27.4 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +111.4%

Nitrogen use efficiency 74.3 % (2014) +87%

Value 74.3 % (2014)

Change since 1961 +87.2%

Nitrate concentration in freshwater 20.1 mg/L (2021) -15%

Value 20.1 mg/L (2021)

Change since 1992 -15.4%

Share of all nitrate emissions to surface water attributable to agriculture 80 % (2002) -1%

Value 80 % (2002)

Change since 1995 -1.2%

Percentage of all nitrate emissions to coastal water attributable to agriculture 78 % (2002) +22%

Value 78 % (2002)

Change since 1995 +21.9%

Share of monitoring sites located in agricultural areas that exceed recommended drinking water limits for nitrate, for ground water single year 29 % (2003) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 3.62 Mt CO₂e (2024) -27%

Value 3.62 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -27.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from croplands 2.32 Mt CO₂e (2021) +4627%

Value 2.32 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 +4626.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from forestlands 21.8 Mt CO₂e (2021) -9%

Value 21.8 Mt CO₂e (2021)

Change since 1990 -9.2%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions from agriculture 67.5 kt (2021) -51%

Value 67.5 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 -51.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 3,680 Gt CO₂e (2023) -29%

Value 3,680 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -29.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 619 t CO₂e/person (2023) -39%

Value 619 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -39.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.472 t (2023) -12%

Value 0.472 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -12.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0053 t (2023) -12%

Value 0.0053 t (2023)

Change since 2010 -11.7%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.0337 t (2023) -70%

Value 0.0337 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -70.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0641 t (2023) +34%

Value 0.0641 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +34.1%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.0944 t (2023) +5%

Value 0.0944 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +5.5%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.685 t (2023) +693%

Value 0.685 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +692.9%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0005 t (2023) -29%

Value 0.0005 t (2023)

Change since 2010 -28.6%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2018 —

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0137 t (2023) +372%

Value 0.0137 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +372.4%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 0.106 t (2023) -12%

Value 0.106 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -12.1%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0012 t (2023) -8%

Value 0.0012 t (2023)

Change since 2010 -7.7%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 0.0076 t (2023) -70%

Value 0.0076 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -69.8%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0144 t (2023) +35%

Value 0.0144 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +34.6%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 0.0212 t (2023) +5%

Value 0.0212 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +5.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.154 t (2023) +695%

Value 0.154 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +694.8%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for barley 578 t (2023) -12%

Value 578 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -12.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 6.5 t (2023) -11%

Value 6.5 t (2023)

Change since 2010 -11.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for oats 41.3 t (2023) -70%

Value 41.3 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -70.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 78.5 t (2023) +34%

Value 78.5 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +34.2%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rye 116 t (2023) +6%

Value 116 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +5.6%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 839 t (2023) +693%

Value 839 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +693.3%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 4.45 kt (2023) -21%

Value 4.45 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -21.2%

N content from crop residues, for barley 30 kt (2023) -12%

Value 30 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -12.1%

N content from crop residues, for maize 336 t (2023) -12%

Value 336 t (2023)

Change since 2010 -11.8%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 4.08 kt (2023) +34%

Value 4.08 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +34.2%

N content from crop residues, for rye 6.01 kt (2023) +6%

Value 6.01 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +5.6%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 43.6 kt (2023) +693%

Value 43.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +693.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 1.86 kg/ha (2023) -7%

Value 1.86 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -7.3%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 4.37 Mt CO₂e (2024) -46%

Value 4.37 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -45.8%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) -35.7 % change (2024) -2044%

Value -35.7 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 -2043.9%

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions 70.8 kt (2021) -50%

Value 70.8 kt (2021)

Change since 1990 -49.9%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 4.44 Gt CO₂e (2023) -44%

Value 4.44 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -44.3%

Total man-made nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emissions 79.8 t (2023) -73%

Value 79.8 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -72.9%

Total man-made ammonia (NH₃) emissions 66.3 t (2023) -57%

Value 66.3 t (2023)

Change since 1990 -57.3%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 4,691 Gt CO₂e (2024) +829%

Value 4,691 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +828.8%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.16 % (2024) -55%

Value 0.16 % (2024)

Change since 1850 -54.5%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

Ammonium concentration in freshwater 0.0961 mg/L (2021) -0%

Value 0.0961 mg/L (2021)

Change since 1992 -0.2%

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.234 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 132 kt CO₂e (2024) -37%

Value 132 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -37.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 1.1 kt CO₂e (2024) —

Value 1.1 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 11.5 kt CO₂e (2024) -52%

Value 11.5 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -52.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 143 kt CO₂e (2024) -95%

Value 143 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -94.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 143 kt CO₂e (2024) +179%

Value 143 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +178.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 117 kt CO₂e (2024) +22%

Value 117 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +22.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 202 kt CO₂e (2024) +115%

Value 202 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +115.3%

Population (total) 6.01 M (2025) +31%

Value 6.01 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +31.2%

GDP (current US$) 463 B$ (2025) +7171%

Value 463 B$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +7171.1%

GDP per capita (current US$) 77 k$ (2025) +5441%

Value 77 k$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +5441.3%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.74 % of land area (2023) +196%

Value 0.74 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +195.9%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 33 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 1.17 % of GDP (2025) -83%

Value 1.17 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 1966 -82.5%

Cropland area (hectares) 2,395,000 ha (2023) -15%

Value 2,395,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -15.0%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations