Cuba

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 70.7 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 160 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.213 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 10.8 kt (2023) -72%

Value 10.8 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -72.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 3.03 kg/ha (2023) -87%

Value 3.03 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.1%

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.33 kg/person (2023) -92%

Value 0.33 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 -91.9%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 9.4 t (2020) -81%

Value 9.4 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -81.2%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 3.78 kg/ha (2023) -95%

Value 3.78 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -94.8%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 182 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 80.7 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 1.48 kg/ha (2023) -94%

Value 1.48 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -93.9%

Total N fertilizer production 1.61 kt (2023) -68%

Value 1.61 kt (2023)

Change since 1966 -67.9%

N fertilizer imports 3.61 kt (2023) -91%

Value 3.61 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -91.0%

N fertilizer exports 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1990 —

N fertilizer use per capita 0.48 kg/ person (2023) -91%

Value 0.48 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 -91.1%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 5.27 kt (2023) -87%

Value 5.27 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -86.8%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 1.48 kg/ha (2023) -94%

Value 1.48 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -93.9%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 1.78 kg/ha (2023) -93%

Value 1.78 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -92.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 44 kt (2023) +21%

Value 44 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +21.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 12.4 kg/ha (2023) -44%

Value 12.4 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -44.0%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 2.61 g per $ (2023) -73%

Value 2.61 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 -73.2%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 40 t (2020) -49%

Value 40 t (2020)

Change since 2000 -48.7%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 5.4 kt (2019) +4153746%

Value 5.4 kt (2019)

Change since 2004 +4153746.2%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 1.77 M$ (2019) +290390%

Value 1.77 M$ (2019)

Change since 2004 +290390.2%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 2.88 kt (2023) -96%

Value 2.88 kt (2023)

Change since 2002 -95.5%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 3.03 M$ (2023) -74%

Value 3.03 M$ (2023)

Change since 2002 -74.5%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 38.3 kt (2011) +154%

Value 38.3 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 +153.8%

Export of ammonium nitrate 60.2 t (2017) -99%

Value 60.2 t (2017)

Change since 2004 -98.8%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 42.5 k$ (2017) -96%

Value 42.5 k$ (2017)

Change since 2004 -95.9%

Import of ammonium nitrate 1.62 kt (2024) +3248340%

Value 1.62 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +3248340.0%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 1.66 M$ (2024) +385374%

Value 1.66 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +385374.4%

Production of ammonium nitrate 56.6 kt (2016) +275%

Value 56.6 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 +274.9%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 7.85 kt (2011) -20%

Value 7.85 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 -20.0%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 316 t (2024) -97%

Value 316 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -96.8%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 202 k$ (2024) -84%

Value 202 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -84.2%

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate single year 3 t (2008) —

Export of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate single year 40 t (2007) —

Export value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate single year 5.74 k$ (2007) —

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 5.04 kt (2017) —

Value 5.04 kt (2017)

Change since 2011 —

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 944 k$ (2017) +1349186%

Value 944 k$ (2017)

Change since 2011 +1349185.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 6.33 kt N (2023) -84%

Value 6.33 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 -84.4%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 0.12 t (2023) -100%

Value 0.12 t (2023)

Change since 2003 -100.0%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 5.97 k$ (2023) -99%

Value 5.97 k$ (2023)

Change since 2003 -99.4%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 2.9 kt (2024) +244%

Value 2.9 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +244.3%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 5.62 M$ (2024) +715%

Value 5.62 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +715.4%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 91.8 kt (2011) +1321%

Value 91.8 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 +1320.6%

Export of NPK fertilizers 19.5 t (2024) +17645%

Value 19.5 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +17645.5%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 19.5 k$ (2024) +17645%

Value 19.5 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +17645.5%

Import of NPK fertilizers 12.6 kt (2024) +95%

Value 12.6 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +95.3%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 5.68 M$ (2024) +202%

Value 5.68 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +201.6%

Production of NPK fertilizers 32.1 kt (2016) -25%

Value 32.1 kt (2016)

Change since 2002 -24.7%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0 t (2018) -100%

Value 0 t (2018)

Change since 2002 -100.0%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 20 $ (2018) -100%

Value 20 $ (2018)

Change since 2002 -99.8%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 238 t (2024) +165%

Value 238 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +165.2%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 533 k$ (2024) +306%

Value 533 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +305.9%

Agriculture use of urea 107 kt (2011) -7%

Value 107 kt (2011)

Change since 2002 -7.1%

Export of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 434 t (2019) +676%

Value 434 t (2019)

Change since 2010 +675.9%

Export value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 90.1 k$ (2019) -72%

Value 90.1 k$ (2019)

Change since 2010 -72.4%

Import of urea 2.68 kt (2024) -98%

Value 2.68 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 -97.7%

Import value of urea 1.45 M$ (2024) -93%

Value 1.45 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -93.3%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 14.8 kt (2023) -35%

Value 14.8 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -35.5%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 14.5 kt (2023) +414%

Value 14.5 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +414.4%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 4.07 kg/ha (2023) +138%

Value 4.07 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +138.3%

N lost from croplands through leaching 9,331 kg/ha and ton (2023) -17%

Value 9,331 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 -17.3%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 2.62 kg/ha (2023) -62%

Value 2.62 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -61.7%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 4.15 kg/ha (2023) -70%

Value 4.15 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -70.1%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 60.5 kt (2023) -73%

Value 60.5 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -72.6%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 27.9 kt (2023) +160%

Value 27.9 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +159.8%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 17 kg/ha (2023) -87%

Value 17 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -87.3%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 7.84 kg/ha (2023) +20%

Value 7.84 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +20.4%

Nitrogen use efficiency 21.6 % (2014) -21%

Value 21.6 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -21.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 1.71 Mt CO₂e (2024) -49%

Value 1.71 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -49.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 2,260 Gt CO₂e (2023) -48%

Value 2,260 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 -47.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 205 t CO₂e/person (2023) -50%

Value 205 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -49.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0155 t (2023) +45%

Value 0.0155 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +44.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.025 t (2023) +37%

Value 0.025 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.6%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0037 t (2023) -27%

Value 0.0037 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -27.5%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0292 t (2023) -58%

Value 0.0292 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -58.4%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0009 t (2023) -85%

Value 0.0009 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -85.5%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0002 t (2023) +0%

Value 0.0002 t (2023)

Change since 2021 +0.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0067 t (2023) -9%

Value 0.0067 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -9.5%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for sugar cane 0.0106 t (2023) -82%

Value 0.0106 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -81.5%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0.0017 t (2023) -71%

Value 0.0017 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -70.7%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0035 t (2023) +46%

Value 0.0035 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.8%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0056 t (2023) +37%

Value 0.0056 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.6%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0008 t (2023) -33%

Value 0.0008 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -33.3%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0066 t (2023) -58%

Value 0.0066 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -58.2%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0002 t (2023) -86%

Value 0.0002 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -85.7%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2021 —

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 19 t (2023) +45%

Value 19 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 30.7 t (2023) +36%

Value 30.7 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 4.5 t (2023) -29%

Value 4.5 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -28.6%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 35.7 t (2023) -58%

Value 35.7 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -58.5%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 1.2 t (2023) -84%

Value 1.2 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -84.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.3 t (2023) +0%

Value 0.3 t (2023)

Change since 2021 +0.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 726 t (2023) -5%

Value 726 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -4.9%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 989 t (2023) +45%

Value 989 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +45.4%

N content from crop residues, for maize 1.59 kt (2023) +37%

Value 1.59 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.6%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 232 t (2023) -29%

Value 232 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -28.8%

N content from crop residues, for rice 1.86 kt (2023) -58%

Value 1.86 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 -58.5%

N content from crop residues, for sorghum 60.4 t (2023) -85%

Value 60.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -84.8%

N content from crop residues, for soya beans 13.4 t (2023) +0%

Value 13.4 t (2023)

Change since 2021 +0.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 0.204 kg/ha (2023) -56%

Value 0.204 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 -55.9%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 2.54 Mt CO₂e (2024) -45%

Value 2.54 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -45.2%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) -54.3 % change (2024) -663%

Value -54.3 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 -662.6%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 5 Gt CO₂e (2022) -54%

Value 5 Gt CO₂e (2022)

Change since 1990 -54.4%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 2,974 Gt CO₂e (2024) +1320%

Value 2,974 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +1320.1%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.101 % (2024) -30%

Value 0.101 % (2024)

Change since 1850 -30.5%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.213 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 29.1 kt CO₂e (2024) -61%

Value 29.1 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -61.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 3.4 kt CO₂e (2024) +31%

Value 3.4 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +30.8%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 41.2 kt CO₂e (2024) -79%

Value 41.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -79.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 540 kt CO₂e (2024) -32%

Value 540 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -31.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 26.8 kt CO₂e (2024) +6%

Value 26.8 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +5.5%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 13 kt CO₂e (2024) -70%

Value 13 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 -69.6%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 170 kt CO₂e (2024) +60%

Value 170 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +59.8%

Population (total) 10.9 M (2025) +51%

Value 10.9 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +51.1%

GDP (current US$) 107 B$ (2020) +1786%

Value 107 B$ (2020)

Change since 1970 +1785.7%

GDP per capita (current US$) 9.61 k$ (2020) +1389%

Value 9.61 k$ (2020)

Change since 1970 +1388.9%

Cropland area (% of land area) 6.29 % of land area (2023) +238%

Value 6.29 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +237.8%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 2 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 1.24 % of GDP (2024) -90%

Value 1.24 % of GDP (2024)

Change since 1970 -89.8%

Cropland area (hectares) 3,561,600 ha (2023) +116%

Value 3,561,600 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +115.9%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations