Congo

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year 4.63 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year 972 t (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year 0.001 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 4.87 kt (2023) +51%

Value 4.87 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +50.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 7.47 kg/ha (2023) +27%

Value 7.47 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +26.8%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year -27 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.52 kg/person (2023) +41%

Value 0.52 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 +40.5%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2020) —

Value 0 t (2020)

Change since 2015 —

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2015 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 10.3 kg/ha (2023) +796%

Value 10.3 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +795.8%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 2.47 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 11.8 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 2.26 kg/ha (2023) +511%

Value 2.26 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +510.8%

Total N fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2015 —

N fertilizer imports 1.74 kt (2023) +769%

Value 1.74 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +769.0%

N fertilizer exports 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 1990 —

N fertilizer use per capita 0.24 kg/ person (2023) +33%

Value 0.24 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +33.3%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 1.47 kt (2023) +635%

Value 1.47 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +635.0%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 2.26 kg/ha (2023) +511%

Value 2.26 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +510.8%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 2.26 kg/ha (2023) +519%

Value 2.26 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +518.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 2.04 kt (2023) +345%

Value 2.04 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +345.4%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 3.13 kg/ha (2023) +275%

Value 3.13 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +274.6%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 2.17 g per $ (2023) +101%

Value 2.17 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.9%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 3.09 t (2020) +54%

Value 3.09 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +54.4%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) 21.4 t (2021) +709%

Value 21.4 t (2021)

Change since 2020 +709.1%

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) 43.7 k$ (2021) +330%

Value 43.7 k$ (2021)

Change since 2020 +329.7%

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 4.95 t (2024) -36%

Value 4.95 t (2024)

Change since 2007 -36.0%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 36 k$ (2024) -8%

Value 36 k$ (2024)

Change since 2007 -8.2%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 153 t (2011) -7%

Value 153 t (2011)

Change since 2009 -7.3%

Export of ammonium nitrate single year 15 t (2019) —

Export value of ammonium nitrate single year 13.1 k$ (2019) —

Import of ammonium nitrate 1.26 kt (2024) +665%

Value 1.26 kt (2024)

Change since 2009 +665.4%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 687 k$ (2024) +273%

Value 687 k$ (2024)

Change since 2009 +272.8%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 7 t (2011) -99%

Value 7 t (2011)

Change since 2008 -99.1%

Export of ammonium sulphate single year 9.8 t (2021) —

Export value of ammonium sulphate single year 20.3 k$ (2021) —

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 1 t (2024) +809%

Value 1 t (2024)

Change since 2007 +809.1%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 990 $ (2024) +219%

Value 990 $ (2024)

Change since 2007 +219.4%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate single year 195 t (2016) —

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate single year 74.1 k$ (2016) —

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 1.47 kt N (2023) +636%

Value 1.47 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +635.5%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 58.6 t (2014) +191%

Value 58.6 t (2014)

Change since 2013 +190.8%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 1.58 k$ (2014) +229%

Value 1.58 k$ (2014)

Change since 2013 +229.2%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 603 t (2024) +274%

Value 603 t (2024)

Change since 2007 +274.4%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 429 k$ (2024) +343%

Value 429 k$ (2024)

Change since 2007 +342.5%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 721 t (2011) +157%

Value 721 t (2011)

Change since 2007 +156.6%

Import of NPK fertilizers 7.33 kt (2024) +3538%

Value 7.33 kt (2024)

Change since 2007 +3538.1%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 3.55 M$ (2024) +2758%

Value 3.55 M$ (2024)

Change since 2007 +2758.1%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 34.1 t (2021) +7155%

Value 34.1 t (2021)

Change since 2009 +7155.3%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 65.8 k$ (2021) +8127%

Value 65.8 k$ (2021)

Change since 2009 +8127.5%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 36.1 t (2024) -85%

Value 36.1 t (2024)

Change since 2007 -84.9%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 21.6 k$ (2024) -49%

Value 21.6 k$ (2024)

Change since 2007 -49.4%

Agriculture use of urea 221 t (2011) -86%

Value 221 t (2011)

Change since 2004 -85.9%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions single year 33 t (2008) —

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 3.98 k$ (2023) -81%

Value 3.98 k$ (2023)

Change since 2008 -80.7%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 1.91 t (2023) -94%

Value 1.91 t (2023)

Change since 2008 -94.2%

Import of urea 3.31 kt (2024) +8838%

Value 3.31 kt (2024)

Change since 2007 +8838.1%

Import value of urea 1.45 M$ (2024) +5765%

Value 1.45 M$ (2024)

Change since 2007 +5764.8%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 1.05 kt (2023) +434%

Value 1.05 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +433.5%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 5.19 kt (2023) +199%

Value 5.19 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +198.7%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 7.97 kg/ha (2023) +151%

Value 7.97 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +151.2%

N lost from croplands through leaching 555 kg/ha and ton (2023) +397%

Value 555 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +397.4%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 0.852 kg/ha (2023) +318%

Value 0.852 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +318.2%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 1.62 kg/ha (2023) +349%

Value 1.62 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +348.7%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 11.5 kt (2023) +189%

Value 11.5 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +188.7%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 4.01 kt (2023) +140%

Value 4.01 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +140.3%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 17.6 kg/ha (2023) +143%

Value 17.6 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +142.8%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 6.16 kg/ha (2023) +102%

Value 6.16 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +102.1%

Nitrogen use efficiency 125 % (2014) +14%

Value 125 % (2014)

Change since 1961 +13.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 328 kt CO₂e (2024) +116%

Value 328 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +116.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 1,210 Gt CO₂e (2023) +15%

Value 1,210 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +15.2%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 196 t CO₂e/person (2023) -56%

Value 196 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -55.6%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.001 t (2023) +67%

Value 0.001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +66.7%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0024 t (2023) +700%

Value 0.0024 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +700.0%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0026 t (2023) +73%

Value 0.0026 t (2023)

Change since 2001 +73.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0004 t (2023) —

Value 0.0004 t (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0006 t (2023) -68%

Value 0.0006 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -68.4%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.0009 t (2023) +800%

Value 0.0009 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +800.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for sugar cane 0.0009 t (2023) +350%

Value 0.0009 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +350.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0.0001 t (2023) -50%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -50.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0002 t (2023) +100%

Value 0.0002 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.0005 t (2023) +400%

Value 0.0005 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +400.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0006 t (2023) +100%

Value 0.0006 t (2023)

Change since 2001 +100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0001 t (2023) —

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 —

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0001 t (2023) -75%

Value 0.0001 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -75.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 1.2 t (2023) +71%

Value 1.2 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +71.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 2.9 t (2023) +625%

Value 2.9 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +625.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 3.2 t (2023) +68%

Value 3.2 t (2023)

Change since 2001 +68.4%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 0.5 t (2023) —

Value 0.5 t (2023)

Change since 1961 —

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.8 t (2023) -67%

Value 0.8 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -66.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 210 t (2023) +23%

Value 210 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +22.8%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 63.4 t (2023) +68%

Value 63.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +67.8%

N content from crop residues, for maize 152 t (2023) +673%

Value 152 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +673.3%

N content from crop residues, for millet 169 t (2023) +71%

Value 169 t (2023)

Change since 2001 +71.5%

N content from crop residues, for oats 169 t (2023) +71%

Value 169 t (2023)

Change since 2001 +71.5%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 24.7 t (2023) +2061%

Value 24.7 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +2060.7%

N content from crop residues, for rice 40.9 t (2023) -67%

Value 40.9 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -66.7%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 0.323 kg/ha (2023) +3%

Value 0.323 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +3.2%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 799 kt CO₂e (2024) +312%

Value 799 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +312.5%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 93.6 % change (2024) +2210%

Value 93.6 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +2210.4%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 1,897 Gt CO₂e (2024) +2831%

Value 1,897 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +2830.7%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.0646 % (2024) +43%

Value 0.0646 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +43.5%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year 0.001 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 54.6 kt CO₂e (2024) +475%

Value 54.6 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +474.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 23.1 kt CO₂e (2024) +261%

Value 23.1 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +260.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 1.7 kt CO₂e (2024) +467%

Value 1.7 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +466.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 311 kt CO₂e (2024) +2027%

Value 311 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +2027.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 1.8 kt CO₂e (2024) +1700%

Value 1.8 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +1700.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 19.5 kt CO₂e (2024) +650%

Value 19.5 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +650.0%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 59.2 kt CO₂e (2024) +622%

Value 59.2 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +622.0%

Population (total) 6.48 M (2025) +514%

Value 6.48 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +513.6%

GDP (current US$) 16.3 B$ (2025) +12279%

Value 16.3 B$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +12278.7%

GDP per capita (current US$) 2.51 k$ (2025) +1917%

Value 2.51 k$ (2025)

Change since 1960 +1917.3%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.297 % of land area (2023) +265%

Value 0.297 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 +264.7%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 3 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 10.1 % of GDP (2025) -57%

Value 10.1 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 1960 -57.2%

Cropland area (hectares) 651,400 ha (2023) +19%

Value 651,400 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +18.9%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations