Angola

Indicators

Excess nitrogen per hectare of cropland single year -2.27 kg per hectare (2009) —

Excess nitrogen from croplands single year -4.94 kt (2009) —

Share of global excess nitrogen from croplands single year -0.007 % (2009) —

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation 54.6 kt (2023) +709%

Value 54.6 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +708.6%

Amount of N added to cropland through biological fixation, per hectare of cropland 9.57 kg/ha (2023) +350%

Value 9.57 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +349.5%

Which countries overapplied nitrogen without gains in crop yields? single year -4.69 % (2020) —

N fertilizer consumption per capita 0.23 kg/person (2023) +475%

Value 0.23 kg/person (2023)

Change since 1961 +475.0%

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2020) —

Value 0 t (2020)

Change since 2002 —

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: http://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Nutrient nitrogen production," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Total nitrogen fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land 6 kg/ha (2023) +1502%

Value 6 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1501.9%

Total nitrogen inputs to crops single year 5.71 kt (2009) —

Nitrogen inputs per hectare of cropland single year 2.67 kg/ha (2009) —

Nitrogen fertilizer use per hectare of cropland 3.18 kg/ha (2023) +1888%

Value 3.18 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1887.5%

Total N fertilizer production 0 t (2023) —

Value 0 t (2023)

Change since 2002 —

N fertilizer imports 18.3 kt (2023) +3564%

Value 18.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +3563.6%

N fertilizer exports 190 t (2023) —

Value 190 t (2023)

Change since 1990 —

N fertilizer use per capita 0.49 kg/ person (2023) +444%

Value 0.49 kg/ person (2023)

Change since 1961 +444.4%

Agricultural use of N fertilizer 18.1 kt (2023) +3526%

Value 18.1 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +3525.6%

N fertilizers use per area of cropland 3.69 kg/ha (2023) +2206%

Value 3.69 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +2206.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers, per hectare of cropland 3.18 kg/ha (2023) +1916%

Value 3.18 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +1916.0%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure 62.4 kt (2023) +859%

Value 62.4 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +859.4%

Amount of N added to cropland through animal manure, per hectare of cropland 10.9 kg/ha (2023) +433%

Value 10.9 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +433.4%

N fertilizer use per value of agricultural production 2.22 g per $ (2023) +455%

Value 2.22 g per $ (2023)

Change since 1961 +455.0%

Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen 23.9 t (2020) +1606%

Value 23.9 t (2020)

Change since 2000 +1605.8%

Definition (source: OECD): From the online data portal FAOSTAT maintained by the Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) : 'Nutrient nitrogen' is defined as total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products. The 'Fertilizers by Nutrient' domain contains information on agricultural use, production, and trade of chemical and mineral fertilizers, in tonnes of nutrient, for the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). The main data source for production and agricultural use is the FAOSTAT Fertilizers questionnaire, complemented with national publications when available. Agricultural use of fertilizers refers to the use for crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, excluding use for animal feed. Industrial uses are excluded, to the extent allowed by data availability. Tonnes of nutrient nitrogen are calculated using conversion factors applied to volumes of nitrogenous fertilizers. For more information, please see: https://fenixservices.fao.org/faostat/static/documents/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

Citation: OECD (2024). "Agricultural use of nutrient nitrogen," Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD): Table 23 - Ecological sustainability, OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?lc=en&tm=nitrogen&pg=0&snb=15&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AFDD_STAT_ANNEX%40DF_TAB23&df[ag]=OECD.DEV.EMEA&df[vs]=1.0&dq=......A&pd=,&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&vw=ov

Export of ammonia (anhydrous) single year 0.59 t (2024) —

Export value of ammonia (anhydrous) single year 3.49 k$ (2024) —

Import of ammonia (anhydrous) 26.7 t (2024) +41%

Value 26.7 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +41.3%

Import value of ammonia (anhydrous) 181 k$ (2024) +56%

Value 181 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +56.0%

Agricultural use of ammonium nitrate 4.94 kt (2011) +0%

Value 4.94 kt (2011)

Change since 2006 +0.2%

Export of ammonium nitrate 28 t (2024) -59%

Value 28 t (2024)

Change since 2019 -58.7%

Export value of ammonium nitrate 32.1 k$ (2024) +10%

Value 32.1 k$ (2024)

Change since 2019 +9.6%

Import of ammonium nitrate 10.7 kt (2024) +7756%

Value 10.7 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +7755.7%

Import value of ammonium nitrate 10.3 M$ (2024) +31907%

Value 10.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +31906.7%

Agricultural use of ammonium sulphate 16.2 kt (2011) +97%

Value 16.2 kt (2011)

Change since 2006 +97.4%

Import of ammonium sulphate (Tonnes) 56 kt (2024) +584%

Value 56 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +584.5%

Import value of ammonium sulphate (1000 USD) 13.5 M$ (2024) +2251%

Value 13.5 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +2250.6%

Agricultural use of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 20 t (2011) -60%

Value 20 t (2011)

Change since 2007 -60.0%

Import of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 110 t (2024) +549900%

Value 110 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +549900.0%

Import value of calcium ammonium nitrate and other mixtures with calcium carbonate 35.6 k$ (2024) +2702%

Value 35.6 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +2701.6%

Amount of N added to cropland through synthetic fertilizers 18.1 kt N (2023) +3526%

Value 18.1 kt N (2023)

Change since 1961 +3525.6%

Export of fertilizers n.e.c. 27.1 t (2023) +4569%

Value 27.1 t (2023)

Change since 2008 +4569.0%

Export value of fertilizers n.e.c. 20.7 k$ (2023) +8188%

Value 20.7 k$ (2023)

Change since 2008 +8188.0%

Import of fertilizers n.e.c. 9.52 kt (2024) +1724%

Value 9.52 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +1724.2%

Import value of fertilizers n.e.c. 5.77 M$ (2024) +2961%

Value 5.77 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +2960.6%

Agricultural use of NPK fertilizers 26.8 kt (2011) +195%

Value 26.8 kt (2011)

Change since 2006 +195.1%

Export of NPK fertilizers 943 t (2024) +2666%

Value 943 t (2024)

Change since 2015 +2665.9%

Export value of NPK fertilizers 943 k$ (2024) +2666%

Value 943 k$ (2024)

Change since 2015 +2665.9%

Import of NPK fertilizers 72.4 kt (2024) +708%

Value 72.4 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +707.6%

Import value of NPK fertilizers 31.3 M$ (2024) +1836%

Value 31.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +1836.5%

Export of other nitrogenous fertilizers 0.57 t (2024) -98%

Value 0.57 t (2024)

Change since 2002 -98.2%

Export value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 3.71 k$ (2024) -78%

Value 3.71 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 -78.0%

Import of other nitrogenous fertilizers 938 t (2024) +1028%

Value 938 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +1028.0%

Import value of other nitrogenous fertilizers 1.04 M$ (2024) +2005%

Value 1.04 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +2005.0%

Agriculture use of urea 7.03 kt (2011) +76%

Value 7.03 kt (2011)

Change since 2005 +75.7%

Agriculture use of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 4 t (2011) -83%

Value 4 t (2011)

Change since 2006 -83.3%

Import value of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 9.52 k$ (2024) +3426%

Value 9.52 k$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +3425.9%

Import of urea and ammonium nitrate solutions 1.51 t (2024) +180%

Value 1.51 t (2024)

Change since 2002 +179.6%

Export of urea 0.07 t (2023) -30%

Value 0.07 t (2023)

Change since 2011 -30.0%

Export value of urea 20 $ (2023) -99%

Value 20 $ (2023)

Change since 2011 -99.0%

Import of urea 15.5 kt (2024) +191%

Value 15.5 kt (2024)

Change since 2002 +191.3%

Import value of urea 7.3 M$ (2024) +957%

Value 7.3 M$ (2024)

Change since 2002 +956.9%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation 24.2 kt (2023) +1050%

Value 24.2 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +1049.7%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition 29.7 kt (2023) +268%

Value 29.7 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +268.0%

N added onto cropland from atmospheric deposition, per hectare of cropland 5.21 kg/ha (2023) +105%

Value 5.21 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +104.6%

N lost from croplands through leaching 14,299 kg/ha and ton (2023) +958%

Value 14,299 kg/ha and ton (2023)

Change since 1961 +958.0%

N lost from croplands through leaching, per hectare of cropland 2.51 kg/ha (2023) +488%

Value 2.51 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +488.3%

N lost from croplands through volatilisation, per hectare of cropland (kg/ha) 4.24 kg/ha (2023) +539%

Value 4.24 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +539.1%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting 128 kt (2023) +435%

Value 128 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +435.1%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue 30.3 kt (2023) +275%

Value 30.3 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +275.3%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop harvesting, per hectare of cropland 22.4 kg/ha (2023) +198%

Value 22.4 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +197.5%

Amount of N removed from cropland through crop residue, per hectare of cropland 5.31 kg/ha (2023) +109%

Value 5.31 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +108.7%

Nitrogen use efficiency 83.7 % (2014) -30%

Value 83.7 % (2014)

Change since 1961 -29.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from agriculture 3.42 Mt CO₂e (2024) +183%

Value 3.42 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +182.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture 15,700 Gt CO₂e (2023) +17%

Value 15,700 Gt CO₂e (2023)

Change since 1990 +17.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture per capita 427 t CO₂e/person (2023) -63%

Value 427 t CO₂e/person (2023)

Change since 1990 -62.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.116 t (2023) +547%

Value 0.116 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +546.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.562 t (2023) +557%

Value 0.562 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +556.8%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0077 t (2023) -39%

Value 0.0077 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -38.9%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0317 t (2023) +2542%

Value 0.0317 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +2541.7%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.015 t (2023) +36%

Value 0.015 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.4%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0255 t (2023) +332%

Value 0.0255 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +332.2%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0141 t (2023) +1914%

Value 0.0141 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +1914.3%

Direct N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0052 t (2023) +8%

Value 0.0052 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +8.3%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for maize 0.196 t (2023) +428%

Value 0.196 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +427.8%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for sugar cane 0.0012 t (2023) +100%

Value 0.0012 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +100.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for rice 0.0013 t (2023) +30%

Value 0.0013 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +30.0%

N₂O emissions from burning crop residues, for wheat 0.0006 t (2023) +20%

Value 0.0006 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +20.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 0.0261 t (2023) +552%

Value 0.0261 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +552.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 0.127 t (2023) +555%

Value 0.127 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +555.4%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 0.0017 t (2023) -39%

Value 0.0017 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -39.3%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes 0.0071 t (2023) +2267%

Value 0.0071 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +2266.7%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 0.0034 t (2023) +36%

Value 0.0034 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 0.0057 t (2023) +338%

Value 0.0057 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +338.5%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 0.0032 t (2023) +3100%

Value 0.0032 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +3100.0%

Indirect N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 0.0012 t (2023) +9%

Value 0.0012 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +9.1%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for dry beans 142 t (2023) +548%

Value 142 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +547.9%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for maize 689 t (2023) +557%

Value 689 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +557.2%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for millet 9.4 t (2023) -39%

Value 9.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -39.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for potatoes (kt) 38.8 t (2023) +2487%

Value 38.8 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +2486.7%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for rice 18.4 t (2023) +36%

Value 18.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for sorghum 31.2 t (2023) +333%

Value 31.2 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +333.3%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for soya beans 17.2 t (2023) +2050%

Value 17.2 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +2050.0%

N₂O emissions from crop residues, for wheat 6.4 t (2023) +8%

Value 6.4 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +8.5%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds 5.87 kt (2023) +496%

Value 5.87 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +496.2%

N content from crop residues, for dry beans 7.37 kt (2023) +548%

Value 7.37 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +547.9%

N content from crop residues, for maize 35.8 kt (2023) +557%

Value 35.8 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +557.0%

N content from crop residues, for millet 489 t (2023) -39%

Value 489 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -39.0%

N content from crop residues, for oats 489 t (2023) -39%

Value 489 t (2023)

Change since 1961 -39.0%

N content from crop residues, for potatoes 2.02 kt (2023) +2455%

Value 2.02 kt (2023)

Change since 1961 +2455.5%

N content from crop residues, for rice 958 t (2023) +36%

Value 958 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +36.4%

N content from crop residues, for sorghum 1.62 kt (2023) +331%

Value 1.62 kt (2023)

Change since 2000 +330.8%

N content from crop residues, for soya beans 895 t (2023) +2054%

Value 895 t (2023)

Change since 2000 +2054.5%

N content from crop residues, for wheat 332 t (2023) +9%

Value 332 t (2023)

Change since 1961 +9.2%

Amount of N added to cropland through planting seeds, per hectare of cropland 1.03 kg/ha (2023) +231%

Value 1.03 kg/ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +231.4%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF 6.85 Mt CO₂e (2024) +344%

Value 6.85 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +343.6%

Total nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 42.7 % change (2024) +500%

Value 42.7 % change (2024)

Change since 1991 +500.0%

N₂O emissions from all sectors 17,278 Gt CO₂e (2024) +3058%

Value 17,278 Gt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1850 +3057.9%

Share of global nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions 0.589 % (2024) +55%

Value 0.589 % (2024)

Change since 1850 +54.6%

Definition (source: Our World in Data): A dataset describing the global warming response to national emissions CO2, CH4 and N2O from fossil and land use sources during 1851-2024. National CO2 emissions data are collated from the Global Carbon Project (Andrew and Peters, 2025; Friedlingstein et al., 2025). National CH4 and N2O emissions data are collated from PRIMAP-hist (HISTTP) (Gütschow et al., 2024). We construct a time series of cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions for each country, gas, and emissions source (fossil or land use). Emissions of CH4 and N2O emissions are related to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions using the Global Warming Potential (GWP*) approach, with best-estimates of the coefficients taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021). Warming in response to cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions is estimated using the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) approach, with best-estimate value of TCRE taken from the IPCC AR6 (Forster et al., 2021, Canadell et al., 2021). 'Warming' is specifically the change in global mean surface temperature (GMST). The data files provide emissions, cumulative emissions and the GMST response by country, gas (CO2, CH4, N2O or 3-GHG total) and source (fossil emissions, land use emissions or the total).

Citation: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of global nitrous oxide emissions” [dataset]. Jones et al., “National contributions to climate change 2025.1” [original data]. Retrieved September 21, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260910-011030/grapher/share-nitrous-oxide-emissions.html (archived on September 10, 2026).

N₂O from all sectors per capita single year -0.007 Mt CO2e/ person (2009) —

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) Emissions from buildings (Energy) 212 kt CO₂e (2024) +135%

Value 212 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +135.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from fugitive emissions (Energy) 59 kt CO₂e (2024) +29%

Value 59 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +29.1%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial combustion (Energy) 7.9 kt CO₂e (2024) +147%

Value 7.9 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +146.9%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from industrial processes 2.76 Mt CO₂e (2024) +1813%

Value 2.76 Mt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +1813.4%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from power industry (Energy) 6.7 kt CO₂e (2024) +2133%

Value 6.7 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +2133.3%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from transport (Energy) 101 kt CO₂e (2024) +1190%

Value 101 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +1189.7%

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from waste 289 kt CO₂e (2024) +568%

Value 289 kt CO₂e (2024)

Change since 1970 +567.7%

Population (total) 39 M (2025) +646%

Value 39 M (2025)

Change since 1960 +646.2%

GDP (current US$) 122 B$ (2025) +1960%

Value 122 B$ (2025)

Change since 1980 +1960.1%

GDP per capita (current US$) 3.13 k$ (2025) +329%

Value 3.13 k$ (2025)

Change since 1980 +329.2%

Cropland area (% of land area) 0.254 % of land area (2023) -37%

Value 0.254 % of land area (2023)

Change since 1961 -36.6%

Number of Public Policies (All Years) single year 7 policies (2018) —

Number of Public Policies Enacted (by Year) 0 policies (2018) —

Value 0 policies (2018)

Change since 1905 —

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 25.2 % of GDP (2025) +169%

Value 25.2 % of GDP (2025)

Change since 2002 +168.9%

Cropland area (hectares) 5,702,000 ha (2023) +80%

Value 5,702,000 ha (2023)

Change since 1961 +79.9%

Socio-economic Information

N₂O Emissions by Sector

Indicators

Nitrogen-Related Policies & Regulations